Ukubaluleka kokuNcitshiswa kwereyithi yokuSilela kwii-Solar Inverters

Ukubaluleka kokuNcitshiswa kweNtlawulo yeNtlawulo ye-Solar Inverters: Uhlalutyo oluBanzi ukusuka kuYilo ukuya kuHlolo oluBukrelekrele

Intshayelelo
Ngokukhawuleza kokuguqulwa kwamandla ehlabathi, ukuveliswa kwamandla elanga le-photovoltaic kuye kwaba yinto ebalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni ukuphuhliswa kwamandla avuselelekayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kweenkqubo zokuvelisa amandla elanga akunakwahlulwa kwisixhobo esiphambili-i-inverter. Njengoko icandelo eliphambili lokuguqula amandla e-DC kumandla e-AC, ukuthembeka kwe-inverter kuqinisekisa ngokuthe ngqo ukuveliswa kombane ngokufanelekileyo, ubomi benkonzo kunye nembuyekezo kutyalo-mali lwenkqubo yonke. Nangona kunjalo, kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, izinga lokungaphumeleli kwee-inverters lihlala liphazamisa ishishini, okukhokelela ekulahlekeni kokuveliswa kwamandla, ukunyuka kweendleko zokulondolozwa kunye nokuthotywa kwenkqubo yokusebenza. Ngoko ke, ukunciphisa izinga lokungaphumeleli kwee-inverters zelanga kuye kwaba yinto ephambili ekuphuhliseni ishishini.
Eli nqaku liza kuphonononga ukubaluleka kokunciphisa izinga lokungaphumeleli kwee-inverters zelanga ngobunzulu, kwaye liqhube uhlalutyo olucacileyo oluvela kwiinkalo ezininzi ezifana nokulungiswa koyilo, ukuphuculwa kokusebenza kokushisa, ukukhethwa kwecandelo, ukulungelelaniswa kwendawo yokufakela, ukugcinwa kokuthintela kunye nokubeka iliso elihlakaniphile, elijolise ekuboneleleni abaqeqeshi bezoshishino kunye nezisombululo ezibanzi zokunceda.amandla elanga photovoltaiciinkqubo zokuvelisa zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo nangokuzinzileyo.

Isahluko 1: Isikhundla esisisiseko se-solar inverters kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic
1.1 Imisebenzi esisiseko kunye neendima zee-inverters
Ii-inverters zizixhobo eziphambili kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa amandla elanga photovoltaic. Umsebenzi wabo oyintloko kukuguqula i-current ngqo (DC) eveliswa ngamapaneli elanga ibe yi-alternating current (AC) ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwekhaya, urhwebo okanye igridi. Ukongeza, ii-inverters zidlala indima ephambili elandelayo:
Ukulandelela amandla obuninzi obuninzi (MPPT): Ngokuhlengahlengisa ngokuguquguqukayo indawo yokusebenza yeepaneli zelanga, iqinisekisa ukuba zihlala zisebenza ngokuphuma kwamandla aphezulu, ngaloo ndlela ziphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kwamandla.
Ukufikelela kwigridi kunye nokukhuselwa: Ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-AC ye-inverter ye-inverter ihlangabezana nemigangatho yokufikelela kwigridi, kwaye ibonelele ngemisebenzi yokukhusela efana nokugqithisa, isiphaluka esifutshane, kunye nesiphumo sesiqithi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwenkqubo.
Ukubekwa esweni kwedatha kunye nolawulo: Ukubekwa kweliso kwexesha lokwenyani lomgangatho wokusebenza kwenkqubo, ukurekhoda iiparamitha eziphambili ezifana nokuveliswa kwamandla, i-voltage, kunye nekhoyo ngoku, kunye nokubonelela ngenkxaso yedatha yokuphucula inkqubo kunye nokuxilongwa kwempazamo.
1.2 Impembelelo yokusilela kwe-inverter kwisistim
Ukungaphumeleli kwe-inverter akuyi kukhokelela ekulahlekelweni ngokuthe ngqo kokuveliswa kwamandla, kodwa kunye nemiphumo emibi emininzi kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic:
Ukuncipha kokwenziwa kombane ngempumelelo: Ukungaphumeleli kwe-inverter kunokubangela isixokelelwano ukuba sisilele ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo, ukunciphisa kakhulu ukuveliswa kwamandla, kwaye kuchaphazele ngqo imbuyekezo kutyalo-mali.
Ukunyuka kweendleko zokugcina: Ukungaphumeleli rhoqo kufuna iindleko ezongezelelweyo zokulungisa kunye nokutshintshwa, ukwandisa umthwalo wezoqoqosho wokusebenza kwenkqubo.
Ubomi benkqubo obufutshane: Ukusebenza okungazinzanga kwe-inverter kunokubangela umonakalo kwamanye amacandelo (njengamapaneli elanga, izixhobo zokugcina amandla), ukunciphisa ubomi benkonzo yenkqubo yonke.
Imiba yokufikelela kwigridi: Ukungaphumeleli kwe-inverter kunokubangela ukusilela kofikelelo lwegridi okanye ukungazinzi, okuchaphazela ukuthembeka konikezelo lwamandla.
1.3 Ubume boShishino lokungaphumeleli kwe-inverter
Ngokwezibalo ze-Arhente yaMandla aHlaziywayo yaMazwe ngaMazwe (IRENA), umyinge wokungaphumeleli kwe-solar inverters kwihlabathi jikelele malunga ne-5% -10%, kwaye izinga lokungaphumeleli kwezinye iingingqi liphezulu njenge-15%. Le datha ibonisa ukuba ingxaki yokuthembeka kwee-inverters ibe yenye yeebhotile ezithintela ukuphuhliswa kweenkqubo zokuvelisa amandla elanga photovoltaic. Ke ngoko, ukunciphisa izinga lokungaphumeleli kwe-inverter ayingomceli mngeni wobugcisa kuphela, kodwa kunye nemfuno engenakuphepheka yophuhliso lweshishini.

Isahluko 2: Ukuphucula uyilo-ukunciphisa izinga lokungaphumeleli ukusuka kumthombo
2.1 Ukwenza lula uyilo lwenkqubo
Uyilo oluntsonkothileyo luhlala luthetha iindawo ezingaphumeleliyo. Ngokwenza lula uyilo lwenkqubo, inani lilonke lamacandelo lingancitshiswa ngokufanelekileyo, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswe izinga lokungaphumeleli:
Ukunciphisa inani lamacandelo: Yamkela idizayini edibeneyo yokudibanisa iimodyuli ezininzi ezisebenzayo kwimodyuli enye, ukunciphisa amanqaku okudibanisa kunye namanqaku angaphumeleli.
Khetha amacandelo akumgangatho ophezulu: Nika ingqwalaselo ephambili kumacandelo akumgangatho ophezulu athe avavanywa ngokungqongqo kwaye aqinisekiswa ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwawo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza.
Ziphephe izixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezulu wokungaphumeleli: Ngokuhlalutya idatha kunye namava oshishino, jonga amacandelo anamazinga aphezulu okusilela kwaye uwaphephe kuyilo.
2.2 Uyilo olungafunekiyo
Uyilo olungafunekiyo luyindlela esebenzayo yokuphucula ukuthembeka kwenkqubo, ngakumbi kwiiyunithi ezisebenzayo eziphambili:
Uncedo oluncedisayo lonikezelo lwamandla: Yila unikezelo lwamandla olungafunekiyo kwiiyunithi ezingundoqo ezisebenzayo (ezifana neesekethe zolawulo kunye neemodyuli zonxibelelwano) ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo isenokuthi isebenze ngokuqhelekileyo xa iyunithi yonikezelo lwamandla enye ingaphumeleli.
Ukudityaniswa kwemodyuli ephambili: Kwiimodyuli ezijongene nokungaphumeleli (ezifana neemodyuli zokuguqulwa kwamandla), ukuyila okungafunekiyo kwamkelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo isenokugcina imisebenzi eyisiseko xa kwenzeka ukungaphumeleli kwenqaku elinye.
2.3 Uyilo loThintelo
Ngokusebenzisa amanyathelo okukhusela kwisigaba sokuyila, kunokwenzeka ukuqikelela nokungenelela ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke iphutha, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswe impembelelo yesiphoso:
Uyilo lokukhusela ukulayisha ngaphezulu: Yila isekethe yokukhusela umthwalo ongaphaya komthwalo ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo inokunqumla ngokuzenzekelayo unikezelo lwamandla xa kwenzeka ukulayisha ngaphezulu ukuphepha umonakalo.
Ukujongwa kweqondo lokushisa kunye nokukhuselwa: Faka iisensi zeqondo lokushisa kwizinto eziphambili ukujonga utshintsho lweqondo lokushisa ngexesha langempela kwaye uqalise ngokuzenzekelayo indlela yokukhusela xa umyinge ugqithisiwe.
Ukuxilongwa kwemposiso kunye nesilumkiso kwangethuba: Yila inkqubo eyakhelweyo yokufumanisa isiphene ekwaziyo ukubona izinto ezingaqhelekanga ngexesha lokwenyani kwaye ikhuphe izilumkiso kwangethuba ukuze kube lula ukugcinwa kwangexesha.

Isahluko sesi-3: Ukuphucula ukusebenza kokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu - ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwe-inverter
3.1 Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu
Xa i-inverter isebenza kumthwalo ophezulu, ubushushu obuninzi buya kuveliswa. Ukukhetha imathiriyeli efanelekileyo yokulahla ubushushu sisitshixo sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo okuzinzileyo:
I-aluminium alloy material: I-alloy ye-aluminium ine-conductivity efanelekileyo ye-thermal kunye namandla omatshini, kwaye yinto efanelekileyo yendlu ye-inverter kunye ne-heat sink.
Igrisi ye-Thermal: Sebenzisa igrisi ye-thermal phakathi kwezinto eziphambili (ezifana neemodyuli zamandla) kunye ne-heat sink ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokushisa ukushisa.
Uyilo lwe-Heat sink: Ngokulungisa imilo kunye noyilo lwe-heat sink, indawo yokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu iyanda kwaye umphumo wokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu uphuculwe.
3.2 Lungiselela uyilo lokuphelisa ubushushu
Uyilo olulungileyo lokuphelisa ubushushu lunokunciphisa kakhulu ubushushu bezinto eziphambili ngaphakathi kwi-inverter kwaye andise ubomi bayo benkonzo:
Ukupholisa umoya okunyanzelwayo: Sebenzisa iifeni ukunyanzela ukutshitshiswa kobushushu ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba komoya kunye nokususa ubushushu. Nika ingqalelo ukuthembeka nokugcinwa kweendleko zefeni.
Ukupholisa ngokwendalo: Sebenzisa i-convection yendalo kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu bemitha, kulungele ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi okanye iimeko ezilungileyo zokusingqongileyo.
Itekhnoloji yokupholisa ulwelo: Kwi-inverters ezinoxinano lwamandla aphezulu, itekhnoloji yokupholisa ulwelo inokubonelela ngokutshabalalisa ubushushu, kodwa ingqwalasela kufuneka ihlawulwe ekutywineni nasekugcineni ubunzima.
3.3 Iingqwalasela zemeko yofakelo
Ubume bofakelo bunempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwimpembelelo yokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu be-inverter, kwaye ezi zinto zilandelayo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngokubanzi:
Kuphephe ukukhanya kwelanga ngokuthe ngqo: Khetha indawo epholileyo nengena umoya ukuze uthintele isiguquli ukuba singavezwa kubushushu obuphezulu ixesha elide.
Qinisekisa iimeko zokungenisa umoya: Gcina indawo eyaneleyo ejikeleze i-inverter ukuqinisekisa ukujikeleza komoya kwaye ugweme ukuqokelelwa kobushushu.
Ulawulo lobushushu bemo engqongileyo: Kwiimeko ezingqongileyo zobushushu obuphezulu ngokugqithisileyo, cinga ngokufakela izifudumezi-moya okanye i-awnings ukuqinisekisa ukuba isiguquli sisebenza ngaphakathi koluhlu lobushushu obufanelekileyo.
Isahluko 4: Khetha amacandelo akumgangatho ophezulu - ubeke isiseko sokuthembeka
4.1 Ulawulo olungqongqo lomgangatho
Umgangatho wamacandelo unquma ngokuthe ngqo ukuthembeka kwe-inverter kwaye kufuneka ilawulwe ngokungqongqo ngexesha loyilo:
Ukuhlolwa komthengisi: Khetha ababoneleli abanegama elihle kunye noqinisekiso lomgangatho, kwaye unike kuqala iibrendi ezaziwayo kushishino.
Isiqinisekiso secandelo: Qinisekisa ukuba onke amacandelo aphumelele izatifikethi ezifanelekileyo (ezifana ne-UL, CE, IEC, njl.) kwaye ahlangabezane nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe.
Ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezingenayo: Hlola ngokuthe ngqo amacandelo athengiweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukusebenza kwabo kunye neeparitha zihlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo.
4.2 Uvavanyo lokuziqhelanisa nokusingqongileyo
I-inverter kufuneka isebenze ngokuzinzileyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezinzima, ngoko ke uvavanyo lokusingqongileyo lubalulekile:
Uvavanyo lwesitshizi setyuwa: linganisa indawo eziselunxwemeni okanye zokufuma okuphezulu ukuvavanya ukuxhathisa kokutya kwe-inverter.
Uvavanyo lothuli olumanzi: linganisa indawo ezinothuli okanye ezifumileyo ukuze uvavanye ukutywinwa kunye nokukhusela ukusebenza kwe-inverter.
Uvavanyo lokubetha kombane: linganisa imeko yokubetha kombane ukuze uvavanye ukuxhathisa kombane kunye nendlela yokukhusela.
Uvavanyo lobushushu obuphezulu kunye noluphantsi: linganisa iimeko zobushushu obugqithisileyo ukuvavanya ukuzinza kokusebenza kwe-inverter kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu naphantsi.
4.3 Uvavanyo lokuguga lwamacandelo
Ngokuhlolwa kokuguga, iindawo ezinokuthi zingaphumeleli zinokufunyanwa kwangaphambili ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthembeka kwamacandelo:
Ukuguga kobushushu obuphezulu: Baleka amacandelo kwindawo yobushushu obuphezulu ukukhawulezisa inkqubo yabo yokuguga kunye nokukhusela iimveliso ezinokuba neziphene.
Ukuguga komthwalo: Sebenzisa amacandelo ixesha elide phantsi komthwalo olinganisiweyo ukuvavanya ukuzinza kunye nokuqina.
Ukuguga kwe-Cyclic: Linganisa iimeko zokusebenza zangempela kwaye uqhube iimvavanyo ezininzi zomjikelo womthwalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwamacandelo phantsi kweemeko eziguquguqukayo.

Isahluko 5: Ufakelo kunye noKuguquguquka kokusiNgqongileyo-Ukuqinisekisa ukuSebenza okuZinzile kwexesha elide le-Inverter
5.1 UKhetho lweNdawo yokuFakela
Indawo yokufakela efanelekileyo inokunciphisa kakhulu izinga lokungaphumeleli kwe-inverter. Le miba ilandelayo kufuneka iqwalaselwe ngokubanzi:
Indawo yegridi: Kuphephe ukufaka i-inverter kwindawo yegridi ene-harmonics ephezulu kakhulu ukuthintela ungcoliseko lwegridi ekonakaliseni i-inverter.
Iimeko zokungenisa umoya: Khetha indawo enomoya kakuhle ukuze uqinisekise ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu be-inverter kwaye ugweme ukushisa.
Ukukhuselwa ngokomzimba: Gwema ukufakwa kwiindawo ezithintekayo kwimpembelelo yomzimba okanye ukuntywiliselwa emanzini ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomzimba we-inverter.
5.2 Amanyathelo okhuseleko ngexesha lofakelo
Ukusetyenzwa kweenkcukacha ngexesha lofakelo kubalulekile ekuthembekeni kwe-inverter:
Bamba ngononophelo: Ngexesha lothutho kunye nofakelo, kunqande ukungcangcazela okuqatha kunye nokungqubana ukuthintela izinto zangaphakathi ukuba zikhululeke okanye zonakaliswe.
Iinkcukacha zocingo: Qinisekisa ukuba zonke iintambo ziqinile kwaye zithembekile ukuphepha uxhulumaniso lwenyani okanye iingxaki zesekethe ezimfutshane. Sebenzisa iintambo kunye neetheminali ezihlangabezana nemigangatho.
Ukukhuselwa komhlaba: Qinisekisa ukuba i-inverter isekelwe kakuhle ukukhusela ukubetha kombane kunye nombane ongatshintshiyo ekonakaliseni izixhobo.
5.3 Ukuphucula ukuguquguquka kokusingqongileyo
Ngokwendawo yofakelo yokwenyani, thatha amanyathelo ahambelanayo wokuqinisekisa ukuba umsebenzi wexesha elide ozinzileyo we-inverter:
Ubungqina bothuli kunye namanzi: Kwiindawo ezinothuli okanye ezifumileyo, faka uthuli okanye izigqubuthelo zobungqina bamanzi ukuphucula umgangatho wokukhusela we-inverter.
Ukukhuselwa kombane kunye nokubeka umhlaba: Kwiindawo ezijongene nokubetha umbane, faka izithinteli zombane kwaye uqinisekise ukuba i-inverter isekelwe kakuhle ekuphuculeni ukumelana nombane.
Ulawulo lobushushu kunye nokufuma: Kwiindawo ezitshisa kakhulu kunye nomswakama, faka i-air conditioners okanye izixhobo zokunciphisa umswakama ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-inverter isebenza phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo zokusingqongileyo.

Isahluko 6: Ukugcinwa kokuthintela - isitshixo sokwandisa ubomi benkonzo ye-inverter
6.1 Ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa rhoqo rhoqo
Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokugcinwa kuyindlela ebalulekileyo yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwexesha elide le-inverter:
Ukuhlolwa kwembonakalo: Jonga rhoqo ukuba i-inverter casing yonakalisiwe, ikhubazekile okanye i-corrod ukuqinisekisa ukunyaniseka kwayo ngokomzimba.
Ukuhlolwa koqhagamshelo: Jonga ukuba zonke iitheminali kunye neenxalenye zoqhagamshelo zikhululekile okanye zixutywe nge-oxidized, kwaye uziqinise kwaye uzicoce ngexesha.
Ukucocwa kweradiator: Hlala ucoca uthuli kunye nobutyobo kwiradiyetha ukuqinisekisa ukuchithwa kakuhle kobushushu.
Ukutshintshwa kwesihluzi: Kwiziguquli ezisebenzisa ukupholisa umoya, buyisela isihluzo rhoqo ukuthintela uthuli ukuba lungangeni ngaphakathi.
6.2 Ulawulo lwezixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo
Ukuseka inkqubo epheleleyo yolawulo lweendawo ezisecaleni ukuqinisekisa ukuba zinokutshintshwa ngokukhawuleza xa kukho impazamo kwaye kucuthwe ilahleko yokuvelisa amandla:
Ulawulo loluhlu lwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo: Ngokwezinga lokungaphumeleli kunye nokubaluleke kakhulu kwe-inverter, ngokufanelekileyo gcina iinxalenye eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukubonelela ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Ulawulo lomgangatho we-Spare parts: Qinisekisa ukuba ii-spare parts zihambelana neendawo zokuqala, zivavanywa ngokungqongqo kunye nesatifikethi, kwaye uthintele ukusilela okwesibini okubangelwa ziingxaki zomgangatho we-spare parts.
Indlela yokuphendula ngokukhawuleza: Misela indlela yokuphendula ngokukhawuleza ukuqinisekisa ukuba iindawo ezisecaleni zinokuthunyelwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye zitshintshwe xa kusenzeka impazamo.
6.3 Uqeqesho lwabasebenzi bezolondolozo
Abasebenzi bolondolozo abaqeqeshiweyo bangundoqo ekuqinisekiseni impumelelo yolondolozo lothintelo:
Uqeqesho lobuchwephesha: Ukuqhuba rhoqo uqeqesho lobugcisa kubasebenzi bokulondoloza ukuqinisekisa ukuba baqhelene nesakhiwo, umgaqo kunye neendawo zokugcinwa kwe-inverter.
Isakhono sokufumanisa impazamo: Hlakulela isakhono sokuxilongwa kwesiphene kubasebenzi bezolondolozo, ukuze babe nako ukufumana iingxaki ngokukhawuleza kwaye bathathe amanyathelo asebenzayo.
Iimpawu zokusebenza ezikhuselekileyo: Gxininisa iinkcukacha zokusebenza ezikhuselekileyo zokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomntu kunye nokhuseleko lwezixhobo zabasebenzi bokulondoloza ngexesha lokusebenza.

Isahluko 7: UkuJonga okuBukrelekrele kunye noHlalutyo lweDatha-Ukuqikelela iiNtsilelo kwaPhambili kunye nokuPhumeza ukuLondolozwa okuchanekileyo
7.1 Imisebenzi kunye nezinto eziluncedo kwiiNkqubo eziNgcali zokuBeka iliso
Iinkqubo zokubeka iliso ezihlakaniphile ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yee-inverters zanamhlanje. Ngokubeka iliso ngexesha lokwenyani kunye nohlalutyo lwedatha, iimpazamo ezinokubakho zinokufunyanwa kwangaphambili:
Ukujongwa kwedatha yexesha langempela: Ukuqokelelwa kwexesha langempela leeparameters eziphambili ezifana ne-voltage, yangoku, ubushushu, kunye namandla e-inverter ukuqinisekisa ukubamba ngokubanzi kwesimo senkqubo.
Ukubeka iliso kunye nolawulo olukude: Ngonxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi, ukubeka iliso kude kunye nokulawulwa kwe-inverter kunokufezekiswa, okwenza kube lula ukusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kwabasebenzi ukuba babambe imeko yokusebenza kwenkqubo nanini na naphi na.
Umsebenzi we-alamu ongaqhelekanga: Xa idatha yokubeka iliso idlula i-threshold ebekiwe, inkqubo ikhupha ngokuzenzekelayo i-alamu ukukhumbuza abasebenzi bokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa ukuba bayiphathe ngexesha.
7.2 Uhlalutyo lwedatha kunye nokuqikelela iimpazamo
Ngokusebenzisa iteknoloji yokuhlalutya idatha, iimpazamo ezinokuthi ziqikelelwe kwangaphambili kwaye ukugcinwa kokuthintela kunokufezekiswa:
Uhlalutyo lwedatha enkulu: Qokelela inani elikhulu ledatha yokusebenza kwe-inverter, kwaye usebenzise itekhnoloji enkulu yohlalutyo lwedatha ukufumanisa imithetho kunye neendlela zokwenzeka kwempazamo.
I-algorithm yokufunda ngomatshini: Sebenzisa i-algorithms yokufunda koomatshini ukuseka imodeli yokuqikelela impazamo kwaye ulumkise ngeempazamo ezinokubakho kwangaphambili.
Inkqubo yovavanyo lwezempilo: Ngenkqubo yovavanyo lwezempilo, imeko yezempilo ye-inverter ivavanywa rhoqo kwaye izicwangciso zokugcinwa komntu ziyenziwa.
7.3 Iimeko ezisebenzayo zokubeka iliso kwiisistim ezikrelekrele
Ityala loku-1: Ukubekwa kweliso okukrelekrele kwesikhululo samandla elanga esikhulu
Isikhululo samandla elanga esikhulu sifake inkqubo ekrelekrele yokubeka iliso, ethintele ngempumelelo iimpazamo ezininzi ezinokubakho ngokubeka iliso ngexesha lokwenyani lemo yokusebenza ye-inverter:
Isilumkiso sesiphoso: Inkqubo ikhuphe isilumkiso kwangethuba xa isiguquli esithile sibonakalisa umkhwa wokufudumeza ngokugqithiseleyo, kwaye abasebenzi bokusebenza kunye nokulungiswa bacoca iradiyetha kwangethuba ukuphepha ukuvalwa okubangelwa kubushushu obugqithisileyo.
Uxilongo olukude: Ngokubeka iliso kude, ukusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kwabasebenzi bafumanise ukuba amandla emveliso ye-inverter ethile ayengaqhelekanga. Emva kokuxilongwa, kwafunyaniswa ukuba imodyuli ethile yamandla yayinempazamo, kwaye iindawo ezisecaleni zatshintshwa kwangethuba ukuze kuncitshiswe ilahleko yokuvelisa amandla.
Ukulungiswa kwesondlo: Ngokuhlalutya idatha, abasebenzi bokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa bafumanisa ukuba izinga lokungaphumeleli kwebhetshi ye-inverters liphezulu, kwaye lilungelelanise isicwangciso sokulondoloza ngexesha ukuqinisa ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa kwebhetshi yezixhobo.
Ityala le-2: Ukusetyenziswa okuhlakaniphile kokubeka iliso kwinkqubo yokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic esasazwayo
Inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic esasaziweyo iphumelele ulawulo oluphakathi lwee-inverters ezininzi ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yokuhlola ehlakaniphile:
Ukubeka iliso kumbindi: Ngeqonga lokubeka iliso elikrelekrele, ukusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kwabasebenzi banokubeka iliso kwimo yokusebenza yee-inverters ezininzi ngexesha elinye, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kolawulo.
Indawo yempazamo: Xa i-inverter ingaphumeleli, inkqubo ibeka ngokuzenzekelayo indawo yesiphoso kwaye inikezela ngolwazi oluneenkcukacha, olulungele ukusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kwabasebenzi ukuba baphathe ngokukhawuleza.
Ukulungiswa kwentsebenzo: Ngokuhlalutya idatha, ukusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kwabasebenzi bafumanisa ukuba ukusebenza kweMPPT kwezinye ii-inverters zaziphantsi. Ngokulungelelanisa iiparamitha, ukusebenza kwenkqubo kwaphuculwa kwaye ukuveliswa kwamandla kwandiswa.
Isahluko 8: Isicwangciso esibanzi kunye nendlela yokuphunyezwa yokunciphisa izinga lokungaphumeleli kwe-inverter
8.1 Ukuqulunqwa kwesicwangciso esibanzi
Ukunciphisa izinga lokungaphumeleli kwe-inverter, kuyafuneka ukuba uqale kwiikhonkco ezininzi ezinje ngoyilo, ukuvelisa, ukufakela, kunye nokugcinwa, kwaye wenze isicwangciso esibanzi nesibanzi:
Ulawulo olupheleleyo lomjikelo wobomi: Ukususela kuyilo ukuya kwi-scrapping, umjikelezo wobomi bonke be-inverter ulawulwa ukuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokuthembeka kwekhonkco ngalinye.
Ukulungiswa kwe-Multi-dimensional optimization: Hlanganisa ukulungiswa koyilo, ukuphuculwa kokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu, ukukhethwa kwecandelo, ukulungelelaniswa kokusingqongileyo, ukugcinwa kokuthintela kunye nokubeka iliso elihlakaniphile kunye namanye amanyathelo okwenza i-synergistic effect.
Indlela yokuphucula eqhubekayo: Ukuseka indlela yokuphucula eqhubekayo yokuphucula ngokuqhubekayo uyilo lwemveliso kunye nezicwangciso zokulondoloza ngokuhlalutya idatha kunye nengxelo yomsebenzisi.
8.2 Ukuphunyezwa kocwangciso lwendlela
Ngokusekelwe kwisicwangciso esibanzi, yenza indlela ethile yokuphumeza ukuqinisekisa ukuba onke amanyathelo ayaphunyezwa:
Isigaba soyilo: lungisa uyilo lwenkqubo, khetha amacandelo akumgangatho ophezulu, kwaye wenze uvavanyo lokuziqhelanisa nokusingqongileyo.
Inqanaba lofakelo: ngokufanelekileyo khetha indawo yofakelo, misela inkqubo yofakelo emgangathweni, kwaye ulungise ukuguquguquka kokusingqongileyo.
Isigaba sokusebenza: ukuseka inkqubo yokukhusela yokukhusela, ukuphumeza ukubeka iliso okuhlakaniphile kunye nohlalutyo lwedatha, nokusingatha iimeko ezingaqhelekanga ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Inqanaba lokuphucula: ngokuqhubekayo ukuphucula uyilo lwemveliso kunye nezicwangciso zokulondoloza ngokuhlalutya idatha kunye nengxelo yomsebenzisi ukuphucula ukuthembeka.
8.3 Ukwabelana ngemeko eyimpumelelo
Ityala le-1: Ukuthembeka kokuphucula ukuthembeka komenzi we-inverter owaziwayo
Umenzi we-inverter owaziwayo uye wanciphisa kakhulu izinga lokungaphumeleli kweemveliso zakhe ngokuphumeza isicwangciso esibanzi:
Ukulungiswa koyilo: yamkela uyilo olulula kunye noyilo olungafunekiyo ukunciphisa amanqaku angaphumeleli kunye nokuphucula ukuthembeka kwenkqubo.
Uvavanyo olungqongqo: qhuba iimvavanyo ezingqongqo zokuziqhelanisa nokusingqongileyo kwi-inverter nganye ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwayo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezinzima.
Ukubeka iliso okukrelekrele: kuxhotyiswe ngenkqubo yokuhlola ekrelekrele ephucukileyo, iliso lokwenyani lemeko yokusebenza, kunye nesilumkiso kwangethuba ngokusilela okunokwenzeka.
Ingxelo yomsebenzisi: Ngokusebenzisa indlela yempendulo yomsebenzisi, uyilo lwemveliso kunye nesicwangciso sokugcinwa siphuculwa ngokuqhubekayo, kwaye izinga lokungaphumeleli liye lehla ukusuka kwi-8% ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-2%.
Ityala lesi-2: Amava okuphucula ukuthembeka kwesikhululo sombane esikhulu sombane
Isikhululo samandla elanga esikhulu sinciphise kakhulu izinga lokusilela kwee-inverters ngamanyathelo olawulo abanzi:
Ukuhlolwa komnikezeli: Baqinisekise ngokungqongqo ababoneleli be-inverter kwaye unike kuqala kwiimveliso ezinokuthembeka okuphezulu.
Ukulungiswa kokufakela: Lungiselela indawo yokufakela kunye nenkqubo yokuqinisekisa ukuba i-inverter isebenza phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo.
Ulondolozo lothintelo: Ukuseka inkqubo yogcino olupheleleyo lothintelo kwaye uhlole rhoqo kwaye ulolonge izixhobo.
Ukubeka iliso ngobukrelekrele: Qalisa inkqubo yokubeka iliso ekrelekrele ukuqonda imeko yokusebenza kwesixhobo ngexesha lokwenyani kunye nokusingatha iimeko ezingaqhelekanga ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Izinga lokusilela kwe-inverter yesikhululo samandla lehlile ukusuka kwi-10% ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-3%, kwaye ukuveliswa kombane kunyuke kakhulu.

Isahluko 9: IiNdlela eziNgqongileyo kuShishino kunye neNkalo yekamva
9.1 IiNdlela zoPhuhliso lweTekhnoloji
Ngokuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo kwetekhnoloji, ukuthembeka kunye nokusebenza kwee-inverters kuya kuphuculwa ngakumbi:
Itekhnoloji esebenzayo yokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu: Izinto ezintsha zokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu kunye nobuchwepheshe bokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu (ezifana ne-nanomaterials kunye nesigaba sokutshintsha ukutshatyalaliswa kokushisa) kuya kuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu.
Ubukrelekrele kunye nedijithali: Usetyenziso olunzulu lobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, idatha enkulu kunye ne-Intanethi yetekhnoloji yeZinto kuya kwenza ukuba ii-inverters zibe nokuzixilonga okunamandla kunye nokukwazi ukuzilungisa.
Uyilo oluthembekileyo oluphezulu: I-modularization, ukuyila okungafunekiyo kunye noyilo lokuthintela luya kuthandwa ngakumbi ukuphucula ukuthembeka kunye nokugcinwa kwenkqubo.
9.2 Utshintsho kwimfuno yemarike
Utshintsho kwimfuno yentengiso luya kukhuthaza ukusungulwa ngokutsha kwetekhnoloji ye-inverter:
Ukuthandwa kwemveliso yamandla e-photovoltaic esasazwayo: Ngokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kweenkqubo zokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic, iimfuno eziphezulu zibekwe kwi-miniaturization, i-intelligence kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu kwee-inverters.
Ukuhlanganiswa kweenkqubo zokugcina amandla: Ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kweenkqubo zokugcina amandla kuya kukhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa okunzulu kwee-inverters kunye nezixhobo zokugcina amandla kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwenkqubo.
Ukwakhiwa kweegridi ezihlakaniphile: Ukuphuhliswa kweegridi ezihlakaniphile kuya kufuna ii-inverters ukuba zibe nokuguquguquka okunamandla kunye nokukwazi ukusebenzisana.
9.3 Amathemba ekamva
Kwixesha elizayo, ii-inverters ziya kuphuhlisa kwicala lobuchule obuphezulu, ubukrelekrele kunye nokuthembeka, kwaye zibe yintsika ephambili yeenkqubo zokuvelisa amandla elanga photovoltaic:
Uguqulo lwamandla olusebenzayo: Ngobuchule obutsha beteknoloji, ukuguqulwa kwamandla okusebenza kakuhle kwee-inverters kuya kuphuculwa ngakumbi kwaye ilahleko yenkqubo iya kuncitshiswa.
Ukusebenza okuhlakaniphile kunye nokulawulwa kokugcinwa: Ngoncedo lwengqondo yokwenziwa kunye nobuchwepheshe bedatha enkulu, ukusebenza okuhlakaniphile kunye nokulawulwa kokugcinwa kwee-inverters kuya kuphunyezwa ukunciphisa iindleko zokugcina.
Ukuphuculwa kokuthembeka ngokubanzi: Ngokulungiswa koyilo, ukuphuculwa kwezinto kunye novavanyo olungqongqo, ukuthembeka kwe-inverter kuphuculwe ngokubanzi kwaye ubomi benkonzo bandiswa.

Ukuqukumbela
Ukunciphisa izinga lokungaphumeleli kwee-inverters zelanga ngundoqo ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokuzinza kweenkqubo zokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic. Ngokusebenzisa amanyathelo abanzi afana noyilo olulungisiweyo, ukuphuculwa kokusebenza kokushisa ubushushu, ukukhethwa kwamacandelo aphezulu, ukufakela okufanelekileyo, ukugcinwa kokuthintela kunye nokubeka iliso elibukhali, izinga lokungaphumeleli kwe-inverter lingancitshiswa kakhulu, ukuthembeka kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kwamandla kwenkqubo kunokuphuculwa, kunye nembuyekezo ephezulu kutyalo-mali inokufumaneka.
Kwinkqubo yokuguqulwa kwamandla kwixesha elizayo, ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kunye nokuthembeka kokuphucula iteknoloji ye-inverter kuya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo. Sijonge phambili kwiinzame ezidibeneyo zabasebenzi boshishino ukukhuthaza ukuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo kweukuveliswa kwamandla elanga photovoltaicubuchwepheshe kunye negalelo kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo lwehlabathi.