Uvavanyo lokuhambelana kwee-inverters zelanga: ukuhambelana neemodyuli ezahlukeneyo ze-photovoltaic

Uvavanyo lokuhambelana kwee-inverters zelanga: ukuhambelana neemodyuli ezahlukeneyo ze-photovoltaic

1. Isishwankathelo sovavanyo lokuhambelana kwee-inverters zelanga kunye neemodyuli ze-photovoltaic

1.1 Injongo kunye nokubaluleka kovavanyo
Uvavanyo lokuhambelana kweii-inverters zelangakunye neemodyuli ze-photovoltaic zibalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla okusebenzayo kweenkqubo zokuvelisa amandla elanga. Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lweemarike zamandla elanga, iimpawu ezahlukeneyo kunye neemodeli zeemodyuli ze-photovoltaic kunye ne-inverters zivele kwiimarike, kwaye imiba yokuhambelana phakathi kwabo iye yanda kakhulu. Ngokwezibalo ezichaphazelekayo, malunga ne-30% yokungaphumeleli kwenkqubo yokuvelisa amandla elanga kubangelwa ukungahambelani phakathi kweemodyuli ze-photovoltaic kunye ne-inverters. Ke ngoko, ukuvavanywa kokuhambelanayo kunokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo izinga lokungaphumeleli kwenkqubo, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kwamandla, ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo yenkqubo, kunye nokubonelela ngesiqinisekiso sokusebenza okuthembekileyo kweenkqubo zokuvelisa amandla elanga. Ukongeza, ukuvavanywa kokuhambelana kunokubonelela ngereferensi kubasebenzisi ukuba bakhethe iimodyuli ezifanelekileyo ze-photovoltaic kunye ne-inverters, kunye nokukhuthaza uphuhliso olunempilo lweshishini lamandla elanga.
1.2 Imigangatho yovavanyo kunye neenkcukacha
Okwangoku, uluhlu lwemigangatho kunye neenkcukacha zokuvavanya ukuhambelana kwee-inverters zelanga kunye neemodyuli ze-photovoltaic ziye zaqulunqwa zombini kumazwe ngamazwe nangaphakathi. Umgangatho we-IEC 62109 we-International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) ichaza iimfuno zokhuseleko kwiimodyuli ze-photovoltaic kunye ne-inverters, ezibandakanya umxholo ofanelekileyo wokuvavanya ukuhambelana. Umgangatho ufuna ukuba iimodyuli ze-photovoltaic kunye ne-inverters kufuneka zihambelane ngokubhekiselele kwiiparitha zombane, ukuxhunywa komatshini, ukulungelelaniswa kokusingqongileyo, njl.njl ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwenkqubo. E-China, imigangatho efana ne-GB/T 37408-2019 "IiMfuneko zobuGcisa kwi-Photovoltaic Grid-connected Inverters" kunye ne-GB / T 39510-2020 "IiMfuno zobuGcisa kwiiModyuli ze-Photovoltaic" nazo zibeka phambili iimfuno ezicacileyo zokuvavanya ukuhambelana. Le migangatho kunye neenkcukacha zibonelela ngeendlela zokuvavanya ezidibeneyo kunye nezibonakaliso zokuvavanya uvavanyo lokuhambelana kwee-inverters zelanga kunye neemodyuli ze-photovoltaic, ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka nokuthembeka kweziphumo zovavanyo. Ngokomzekelo, ngokwemiqathango yokulinganisa iparamitha yombane, umgangatho ufuna ukuba ubuninzi bomlinganiselo wamandla ombane weemodyuli ze-photovoltaic kufuneka zihambelane noluhlu lwe-voltage yegalelo le-inverter, kwaye ukuphambuka kwe-voltage yayo akufanele kudlule i-5% ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-inverter inokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwaye ifezekise ukulandelela indawo yamandla aphezulu.

2. Uvavanyo oluhambelana neparamitha yombane
2.1 Uvavanyo lokulinganisa umbane
Ukulinganisa i-voltage yikhonkco eliphambili kuvavanyo lokuhambelana kwee-inverters zelanga kunye neemodyuli ze-photovoltaic. Ngokomgangatho we-GB / T 37408-2019, ubuninzi boluhlu lwamandla ombane weemodyuli ze-photovoltaic kufuneka luhambelane noluhlu lwe-voltage yegalelo le-inverter, kwaye ukuphambuka kwayo kombane akufanele kudlule i-5%. Kuvavanyo lwangempela, iqela lophando lenze iimvavanyo zokulinganisa amandla ombane kwiimpawu ze-10 ezahlukeneyo kunye neemodeli zeemodyuli ze-photovoltaic kunye ne-5 inverters eziqhelekileyo zibonwa kwimarike. Iziphumo zovavanyo zibonise ukuba i-30% yendibaniselwano ineempembelelo zombane ezingaphaya komgangatho oqhelekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, umbane ophezulu wombane wohlobo oluthile lwemodyuli ye-photovoltaic yi-35V, ngelixa i-voltage yegalelo lombane we-inverter evavanywa ngayo yi-30V-33V, kwaye ukutenxa kombane kufikelela kwi-18.18%, okungaphezulu kweemfuno eziqhelekileyo, okubangela ukuba i-inverter ingaphumeleli ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ayikwazi ukuphumeza ukulandelelaniswa kwendawo yokuvelisa amandla ngokunciphisa malunga ne-20%. Xa i-voltage ehambelanayo ihambelana kakuhle, njengokutenxa kombane wenye iseti yeemodyuli ze-photovoltaic kunye ne-inverter yi-2% kuphela, i-inverter inokusebenza ngokuzinzileyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kwamandla kufikelela kwindawo efanelekileyo, ebonisa ngokupheleleyo ukubaluleka kovavanyo lokulinganisa amandla ombane ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kweenkqubo zokuvelisa amandla elanga.
2.2 Uvavanyo lokumatanisa lwangoku
Ukuthelekisa kwangoku kunempembelelo ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kweenkqubo zokuvelisa amandla elanga. Ngokwemigangatho efanelekileyo, iqela lokuvavanya lenze iimvavanyo ezicacileyo malunga nokuhambelana kwangoku kweemodyuli ezahlukeneyo ze-photovoltaic kunye ne-inverters. Phakathi kwendibaniselwano ezingama-20 ezivavanyiweyo, i-25% yendibaniselwano yafunyaniswa ineengxaki ezikhoyo ngoku. Ngokukodwa, i-output current yezinye iimodyuli ze-photovoltaic kwindawo ephezulu yamandla idlula i-input input current range of the inverter. Ukuthatha isethi yeemvavanyo njengomzekelo, ubuninzi bamandla akhoyo ngoku kwimodyuli ye-photovoltaic yi-10A, ngelixa i-input input current ye-inverter yi-8A. I-current ngaphaya koluhlu iya kubangela ukuba i-inverter ikhuphe, engayi kuchaphazela kuphela ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kwamandla, kodwa iyancipha ubomi benkonzo ye-inverter. Emva kokubeka iliso ixesha elide lokudibanisa kunye nokuhambelana okuhle kwangoku, izinga lokungaphumeleli kwenkqubo yalo yokuvelisa amandla kunyaka omnye kuphela yi-1%, ngelixa izinga lokungaphumeleli kwendibaniselwano kunye ne-middle current liphezulu njenge-15%, ebonisa indima ephambili yovavanyo oluhambelanayo lwangoku ekunciphiseni izinga lokungaphumeleli kwenkqubo kunye nokuphucula ukuthembeka kwenkqubo.
2.3 Uvavanyo lokumatanisa amandla
Uvavanyo lokulinganisa amandla luphawu olubanzi lokuvavanya ukusebenza kwee-inverters zelanga kunye neemodyuli ze-photovoltaic. Iqela lophando lihlalutye ukuhambelana kwamandla okudibanisa okuhlukeneyo ngokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo amandla okuvelisa phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokukhanyisa. Phakathi kwama-30 eendibaniselwano ezivavanyiweyo, i-40% yendibaniselwano ibinothelekiso olulambathayo lwamandla. Ngokomzekelo, phantsi kokukhanya okuthile kokukhanya, amandla okukhutshwa kwemodyuli ye-photovoltaic yi-300W, ngelixa i-inverter ehambelana nayo inokuguqula ngokufanelekileyo i-250W yamandla, kwaye i-50W eseleyo yamandla ayinakusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo, okubangelwa ukulahlekelwa kokusebenza kwamandla malunga ne-16.67%. Emva kokubeka iliso ixesha elide ekusebenzeni kokuveliswa kwamandla okudityaniswa nokuhambelana kakuhle kwamandla, umndilili wawo wokuvelisa amandla umalunga ne-15% ngaphezulu kwalowo wendibaniselwano namandla angahambelaniyo, kwaye inokugcina ukusebenza kokuvelisa amandla okuzinzile phantsi kwamaxesha onyaka ahlukeneyo kunye neemeko zokukhanya. Oku kubonisa ukuba uvavanyo lokuthelekisa amandla lubaluleke kakhulu ekwandiseni ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo kweenkqubo zokuvelisa umbane welanga kunye nokuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.

3. Uvavanyo lwe-synergy yokusebenza
3.1 Uvavanyo lokulandela umkhondo wamandla aphezulu
Ubuninzi bokulandelela indawo yombane (MPPT) bubuchwephesha obuphambili bokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kwamandla kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa umbane welanga, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo ngokubambisana kubalulekile kuguqulo lwamandla olufanelekileyo lwenkqubo yonke. Iqela lophando lenze iimvavanyo zamandla aphezulu okulandelela i-synergy kwiimodyuli ze-photovoltaic kunye ne-inverter inverter yeempawu ezahlukeneyo kunye neemodeli. Iziphumo zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba phakathi kwendibaniselwano yovavanyo engama-50, amaqela ali-15 (ebalelwa kwi-30%) anentsebenzo ephantsi ye-synergy kwaye akakwazi ukufikelela ngempumelelo ekulandeleleni amanqaku aphezulu. Ngokomzekelo, i-voltage ephezulu yamandla ombane kunye ne-current ye-brand ethile yeemodyuli ze-photovoltaic iya kutshintsha phantsi kokukhanya okuhlukeneyo kokukhanya, kwaye i-inverter ehambelana nayo iyasilela ukulandelela olu tshintsho ngexesha elifanelekileyo nangendlela echanekileyo, okukhokelela ekunciphiseni kokuveliswa kwamandla okusebenza malunga ne-10%. Ngokuchasene noko, indibaniselwano nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-synergy kunokulandelela elona nqanaba liphezulu lamandla ngexesha lokwenyani, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo kokuvelisa amandla kunokufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-95% phantsi kweemeko zokukhanya ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba eyona ndawo yovavanyo lwamandla elandelelanisa umkhondo we-synergy idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwandiseni impumelelo yokuguqula amandla eenkqubo zokuvelisa amandla elanga.
3.2 Uvavanyo lwe-synergy olusebenzayo
Uvavanyo lwe-synergy olusebenzayo lujolise ekuvavanyeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwemodyuli ye-photovoltaic kunye ne-inverters kwinkqubo yokuguqula amandla. Ngokuthelekisa ukusebenza kokuveliswa kwamandla okudityanisiweyo okuhlukeneyo phantsi kweemeko zokukhanyisa ezifanayo, iqela lophando lifumanise ukuba ukuveliswa kwamandla okusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwindibaniselwano kunye ne-synergy ephezulu ye-synergy imalunga ne-20% ephezulu kunoko kudibaniso kunye nokusebenza okuphantsi kwe-synergy ngokomndilili. Phakathi kweendibaniso ze-40 ezivavanyiweyo, amaqela e-10 (i-accounting ye-25%) anokusebenza kakuhle kwe-synergy, ngokukodwa ngenxa yokuba iiparitha zombane phakathi kweemodyuli ze-photovoltaic kunye ne-inverter azihambelani, okubangela ukulahlekelwa kwamandla amakhulu ngexesha lokudluliselwa kunye nokuguqulwa. Ngokomzekelo, iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-synergy esebenzayo yeqela leemodyuli ze-photovoltaic kunye ne-inverters zibonisa ukuba ukuguqulwa kwamandla okusebenza kakuhle yi-75% kuphela, ngelixa ezinye iidibaniso kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-synergy kunokufikelela ngaphezu kwe-90%. Oku kubonisa ukuba uvavanyo lwe-synergy olusebenzayo lunokuchonga ngokufanelekileyo ukungafani komsebenzi phakathi kokudibanisa okuhlukeneyo, kunye nokubonelela ngereferensi ebalulekileyo kubasebenzisi ukuba bakhethe iimodyuli ze-PV ezisebenzayo kunye ne-synergistic kunye ne-inverter inverter.
3.3 Uvavanyo lozinzo lwe-synergy
Uzinzo lwe-synergy test likhonkco eliphambili ekuvavanyeni uzinzo lokusebenza kweenkqubo zokuvelisa amandla elanga ngexesha lokusebenza kwexesha elide. Iqela lophando lenze uvavanyo lozinzo lwe-synergy lonyaka omnye kwiintlanganisela ezahlukeneyo ukujonga utshintsho lwabo lokusebenza ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo. Iziphumo zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba phakathi kwendibaniselwano yovavanyo engama-60, amaqela angama-20 (ebalelwa kwi-33.3%) anozinzo olulambathayo lwentsebenzo yentsebenziswano, ebonakaliswa ikakhulu kukuguquguquka okukhulu kokwenziwa kombane ngokusulungekileyo kunye nezinga eliphezulu lokungaphumeleli. Ngokomzekelo, ukuveliswa kwamandla okusebenza kweqela leemodyuli ze-PV kunye ne-inverters zehla malunga ne-15% phantsi kweemeko eziphezulu zokushisa ehlobo, kwaye zehla malunga ne-10% phantsi kweemeko eziphantsi kweqondo lokushisa ebusika, kunye nokusilela kwe-3 kwenzeka ngonyaka. Ukudibanisa kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kozinzo lwe-synergy kunoguquko oluncinci ekusebenzeni kombane kunye nesantya sokungaphumeleli kwe-1% -2% kuphela phantsi kwamaxesha onyaka ahlukeneyo kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba uvavanyo lwe-synergy oluzinzo lubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwexesha elide leenkqubo zokuvelisa amandla elanga.

4. Uvavanyo lokuziqhelanisa nokusingqongileyo
4.1 Uvavanyo lokuziqhelanisa nobushushu
Ubushushu buyinto ebalulekileyo yokusingqongileyo echaphazela ukuhambelana kwee-inverters zelanga kunye neemodyuli ze-photovoltaic. Iqela lophando lenze iimvavanyo zokuguquguquka kweqondo lokushisa kwiimodyuli ze-photovoltaic kunye ne-inverters yeempawu ezahlukeneyo kunye neemodeli. Iziphumo zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba kwiqondo lobushushu le--20℃ ukuya kwi-50℃, i-20% yendibaniselwano ayinakuqala ngokuqhelekileyo phantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuphantsi. Isizathu esona sizathu kukuba ukusebenza kwamacandelo e-elektroniki ye-inverter iyancipha kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi, okubangelwa ukungakwazi ukusebenza kunye neemodyuli ze-photovoltaic. Ngokomzekelo, kwi--15 ℃, i-voltage yokuqala ye-brand ethile ye-inverter iyanda kwaye ayikwazi ukuhambelana nobukhulu bomthamo wamandla ombane wemodyuli ye-photovoltaic, okubangela ukuba inkqubo ingakwazi ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo. Ngaphantsi kweemeko eziphezulu zeqondo lokushisa, i-15% yeendibaniselwano zinokukhusela ukufudumala, okuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kwamandla. Emva kokubeka iliso ixesha elide kwindibaniselwano kunye nokuguquguquka okuhle kobushushu, ukusebenza kwayo kokuvelisa amandla phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zobushushu iguquguquka nge-5% kuphela, ngelixa ukusebenza kombane kokuvelisa indibaniselwano kunye nokuguquguquka okuphantsi kobushushu kwehla ukuya kuthi ga kwi-20%, ebonisa ukuba uvavanyo lokuguquguquka kobushushu lubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kunye nokuveliswa kombane okusebenzayo kweenkqubo zokuvelisa umbane welanga phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zobushushu.
4.2 Uvavanyo lokuziqhelanisa nokufuma
Umswakama ubuye ube nempembelelo ebalulekileyo ekuhambelaneni kwee-inverters zelanga kunye neemodyuli ze-photovoltaic. Iqela lophando lenze iimvavanyo zokuziqhelanisa nokufuma kwindibaniselwano eyahlukeneyo kuluhlu lokufuma olumalunga ne-20% ukuya kuma-90%. Iziphumo zovavanyo zibonise ukuba ama-25% eendibaniselwano zineengxaki ezifana nokuncitshiswa kokusebenza kokugquma kunye nokuvuza phantsi kweemeko zokufuma okuphezulu. Isizathu esona sizathu kukuba ukusebenza kokutywinwa kweemodyuli ze-photovoltaic kunye ne-inverters kwakunganelanga, kubangela ukuba amacandelo angaphakathi abe nomswakama. Ngokomzekelo, ukuxhatshazwa kwe-insulation ye-brand ethile yeemodyuli ze-photovoltaic zehla nge-30% kwi-80% yomswakama ohambelanayo, okwandisa umngcipheko wokuvuza kunye nokuchaphazela ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwenkqubo. Izinga lokungaphumeleli kwindibaniselwano kunye nokuqhelana nokufuma okuhle phantsi kweemeko zokufuma ezahlukeneyo ibe yi-2% kuphela, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kwamandla akuzange kuchaphazeleke. Oku kubonisa ukuba uvavanyo lokuziqhelanisa nokufuma kunokuchonga ngokufanelekileyo umahluko wokusebenza kweendibaniso ezahlukeneyo kwiindawo ezifumileyo, kwaye unike iziqinisekiso zokusebenza okuthembekileyo kweenkqubo zokuvelisa amandla elanga kwiindawo zokufuma ezahlukeneyo.
4.3 Uvavanyo lokuziqhelanisa ne-Altitude
Ukuphakama kwakhona kunempembelelo ebalulekileyo ehambelana ne-inverters yelanga kunye neemodyuli ze-photovoltaic. Iqela lophando lenze iimvavanyo zokuziqhelanisa nokuphakama komgangatho kwiintlanganisela ezahlukeneyo kuluhlu lweemitha ezi-0 ukuya kwi-3000 yeemitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. Iziphumo zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba njengoko ukuphakama kunyuka, i-30% yendibaniselwano ineengxaki ezifana nokungonelanga kombane kunye nokuncitshiswa kwamandla okugquma. Esona sizathu siphambili kukuba umoya ubhityile kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, kwaye ukugquma kunye nokusebenza kobushushu bezixhobo zombane kuwohloka. Ngokomzekelo, xa i-brand ethile ye-inverter ikwindawo ephakamileyo yeemitha ezingama-2,500, ukukhutshwa kombane akwanelanga, okubangelwa ukukhutshwa, okuchaphazela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwenkqubo. Nangona kunjalo, indibaniselwano kunye nokuguquguquka okuhle kokuphakama kugcina ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kwamandla kunye nesantya sokungaphumeleli kwimiphakamo eyahlukeneyo, kunye noguquko olusebenzayo lokuvelisa umbane lwe-3% kuphela kunye nezinga lokungaphumeleli elingaphantsi kwe-1%. Oku kubonisa ukuba uvavanyo lokuguquguquka kobude budlala indima ephambili ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kunye nokuveliswa kombane okusebenzayo kweenkqubo zokuvelisa amandla elanga kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokuphakama.

5. Imodi yempazamo kunye novavanyo lomsebenzi wokukhusela
5.1 Uvavanyo lwe-Fault mode
Uvavanyo lwe-Fault mode luyingxenye ebalulekileyo yokuvavanya ukuthembeka kwe-solar inverter kunye ne-photovoltaic module inhlanganisela. Iqela lophando lenze uvavanyo olubanzi lwemowudi yempazamo kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo kunye neemodeli zeemodyuli ze-photovoltaic kunye nokudibanisa inverter ebonwa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiimarike. Phakathi kwe-100 yendibaniselwano evavanyiweyo, ezi ndlela zilandelayo ziqhelekileyo ezinengxaki zafunyanwa:
Impazamo yomthwalo ogqithisiweyo: Kwi-20% yokudibanisa, xa i-inverter isebenza ngaphaya kwamandla alinganisiweyo, ukukhuselwa kwe-inverter overload kuyasebenza kwaye ayikwazi ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, xa ukukhanya kokukhanya kweqela elithile leemodyuli ze-photovoltaic ngokukhawuleza kwanda, amandla aphumayo adlula i-15% yamandla alinganisiweyo we-inverter, okubangela ukuba ukhuseleko lwe-inverter overload luqale, inkqubo yokuyeka ukusebenza, kwaye ichaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kwamandla.
Impazamo yesiphaluka esifutshane: Kuvavanyo olufaniswayo lwesekethe emfutshane, i-15% yokudibanisa inesenzo sokukhusela isiphaluka esifutshane. Xa isiphaluka esifutshane senzeke kwimodyuli ye-photovoltaic, ezinye ii-inverters zihluleka ukunqumla isiphaluka ngaphakathi kwexesha elichaziweyo, okubangela umonakalo wezixhobo. Ngokomzekelo, kuvavanyo olufutshane lwesekethe ye-brand ethile ye-inverter, ixesha elifutshane lokuphendula lokukhusela isiphaluka lidlula imfuno eqhelekileyo ye-0.1 imizuzwana, ebangela umonakalo kumacandelo angaphakathi, kwaye iindleko zokulungisa ziphezulu njenge-30% yexabiso lokuqala lesixhobo.
Impazamo yokushisa: Kwimeko yobushushu obuphezulu, i-25% yeendibaniselwano inesenzo sokukhusela ubushushu. Xa ubushushu be-ambient bezinye ii-inverters budlula i-45℃, inkqubo yokupholisa ayikwazi ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo, okukhokelela ekubeni ubushushu besixhobo buphakame kakhulu kunye nokhuseleko oluzenzekelayo lokuvala. Umzekelo, imodeli ethile ye-inverter iyacima ngenxa yobushushu bangaphakathi obungaphezulu kwe-70℃ emva kokubaleka ngokuqhubekayo iiyure ezi-2 kwindawo yobushushu obuphezulu ehlotyeni, nto leyo echaphazela amandla okuvelisa amandla enkqubo.
Impazamo yokuguquguquka kweparamitha yombane: Kuvavanyo lokuguquguquka kombane kunye nokuguquguquka kwangoku, i-30% yendibaniselwano ineempazamo ezibangelwe kukuguquguquka kweparamitha yombane. Xa ukukhanya kokukhanya kwezinye iimodyuli ze-photovoltaic zitshintsha, i-voltage ye-output kunye ne-current iguquguquka kakhulu, edlula uluhlu oluguquguqukayo lwe-inverter, ebangela ukuba inverter ingaphumeleli ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo. Umzekelo, xa ubukhulu bokukhanya beqela leemodyuli zefotovoltaic busihla ukusuka kwi-1000W/m² ukuya kwi-500W/m², amandla ombane wehla nge-20%, okukhokelela ekubeni isiguquli singakwazi ukufikelela ekulandeleni indawo yamandla aphezulu kunye nokusebenza kokuveliswa kombane kuncitshiswe malunga ne-30%.
5.2 Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wokhuseleko
Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wokukhusela lwenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukukwazi ukuzikhusela kwi-inverter yelanga kunye neemodyuli ze-photovoltaic phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zeempazamo zokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwenkqubo. Iqela lophando lenze iimvavanyo ezicacileyo kwimisebenzi yokhuseleko yendibaniselwano eyahlukeneyo, kwaye iziphumo zezi zilandelayo:
Umsebenzi wokukhusela ukulayisha ngaphezulu: Kuvavanyo olugqithisiweyo, i-85% yeendibaniselwano zakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wokukhusela ukulayisha ngaphezulu ngexesha, ukunqumla isiphaluka, nokukhusela izixhobo emonakalweni. Ngokomzekelo, xa amandla okuphuma kwe-brand ethile ye-inverter idlula i-20% yamandla alinganisiweyo, inokuqalisa ukukhuselwa kwe-overload ngaphakathi kwe-0.05 imizuzwana, inqumle isiphaluka, kwaye ikhusele ngokufanelekileyo izixhobo.
Umsebenzi wokukhusela isiphaluka esifutshane: Kuvavanyo olufutshane lwesiphaluka, i-90% yokudibanisa ikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wokukhusela isiphaluka esifutshane ngexesha elichaziweyo. Ngokomzekelo, emva kokuba isiphaluka esifutshane senzeke, imodeli ethile ye-inverter inokunqumla isiphaluka ngaphakathi kwemizuzwana ye-0.08, ukuphepha umonakalo wezixhobo kunye nokukhusela ukhuseleko lwenkqubo.
Umsebenzi wokukhusela ukushisa okukhulu: Kuvavanyo oluphezulu lweqondo lokushisa, i-95% yokudibanisa yakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wokukhusela ubushushu. Umzekelo, xa ubushushu bangaphakathi bohlobo oluthile lwe-inverter lufikelela kuma-65 ℃, inkqubo yokupholisa iqaliswa ngokuzenzekelayo. Ukuba iqondo lobushushu liyaqhubeka nokunyuka ukuya kwi-70℃, liya kuvala ngokuzenzekelayo ukuze likhuseleke, lithintele ngokufanelekileyo isixhobo ukuba sonakaliswe kubushushu obugqithisileyo.
Umsebenzi wokukhusela iparamitha yokuguquguquka kombane: Kuvavanyo lokuguquguquka kombane kunye nokuguquguquka kwangoku, i-70% yendibaniselwano ikwazile ukwenza umsebenzi wokukhusela iparameter yombane. Ngokomzekelo, xa i-voltage ye-output yeqela elithile leemodyuli ze-photovoltaic ihla nge-15%, i-inverter inokulungelelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo imodi yokusebenza ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza okuzinzile kwenkqubo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba ukuveliswa kwamandla akuthinteki.
Umsebenzi wokukhusela i-insulation: Kwiimvavanyo zokufuma kunye nokuphakama, i-80% yeendibaniselwano inokuqalisa umsebenzi wokukhusela ukugquma. Ngokomzekelo, kwindawo yomswakama ophezulu, xa ukuxhatshazwa kwe-insulation ye-brand ethile yeemodyuli ze-photovoltaic kunye ne-inverters yehla ukuya kwi-80% yexabiso eliqhelekileyo, izixhobo ziyakwazi ukuqala ngokuzenzekelayo ukukhuselwa kwe-insulation, ukunqumla isiphaluka, kunye nokuthintela izingozi zokuvuza.
Umsebenzi wokukhusela umhlaba: Kuvavanyo lwetyala lokumisa, i-90% yokudibanisa inokuqala umsebenzi wokukhusela umhlaba ngexesha. Ngokomzekelo, xa imodeli ethile ye-inverter ibona impazamo yomhlaba, inokunqumla isiphaluka ngaphakathi kwemizuzwana eyi-0.1, iqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwenkqubo.

6. Uhlalutyo lweemeko zokuvavanya ezihambelanayo zeempawu ezahlukeneyo kunye neemodeli

6.1 Ityala lokumatanisa uphawu lwasekhaya
Imarike yasekhaya yamandla elanga ikhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ezininzi iimpawu zasekhaya zihlala zivela kwintsimi yeemodyuli ze-photovoltaic kunye ne-inverters. Ngokuthelekisa iimvavanyo kwiimveliso zeempawu ezithile zasekhaya ezaziwayo, zinokunika isalathiso esibalulekileyo sokwakhiwa kweenkqubo zokuvelisa amandla elanga zasekhaya.
I-Brand A iimodyuli ze-photovoltaic kunye ne-brand B inverters: I-Brand A iimodyuli ze-photovoltaic zinesabelo esiphezulu semarike kwimarike yasekhaya, kwaye iimveliso zayo ziyaziwa ngokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu kunye nokuzinza. Ii-inverters ze-Brand B zamkelwa yintengiso ngetekhnoloji ephucukileyo kunye nokuhambelana okuhle. Kuvavanyo, indibaniselwano iqhube kakuhle ekuthelekiseni iparamitha yombane, ngokutenxa kombane we-1% kuphela, kwaye ukuhambelana kwangoku bekufanelekile. I-input input yangoku ye-inverter inokuhlangabezana neyona ndawo iphezulu yeemfuno zangoku kwiimodyuli ze-photovoltaic. Kuvavanyo lokulinganisa amandla, ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kwamandla okudityaniswa kunokufikelela ngaphezu kwe-90% phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokukhanyisa, kubonisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-synergy. Kwinqanaba eliphezulu lokulandela uvavanyo lwe-synergy, i-inverter inokukhawuleza kwaye ilandele ngokuchanekileyo indawo ephezulu yamandla emodyuli ye-photovoltaic, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kwamandla kunokugcinwa ngaphezu kwe-95% nangona ukukhanya kokukhanya kutshintsha ngokukhawuleza. Kuvavanyo lokuziqhelanisa nokusingqongileyo, indibaniselwano inokusebenza ngokuzinzileyo kudederhu lobushushu obuphakathi kwe-10℃ ukuya kwi-45℃, uluhlu lokufuma olumalunga ne-30% ukuya kwi-80%, kunye noluhlu lokuphakama kwe-0 yeemitha ukuya kwi-2000 yeemitha, kunye nokuguquguquka okuncinci ekusebenzeni kombane kunye nesantya sokungaphumeleli kwe-1% kuphela. Kwimo yesiphoso kunye novavanyo lomsebenzi wokukhusela, ukukhuselwa komthwalo ogqithisiweyo, ukukhuselwa kwesiphaluka esifutshane, ukukhuselwa kobushushu kunye neminye imisebenzi yokudibanisa inokusebenza ngexesha lokukhusela ngokufanelekileyo izixhobo emonakalweni. Oku kubonisa ukuba indibaniselwano yeemodyuli ze-photovoltaic brand yasekhaya kunye ne-brand B inverters inokuhambelana okuphezulu kunye nokuthembeka, kwaye inokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuvelisa amandla elanga kwiindawo ezininzi zelizwe.
Iimodyuli ze-Brand C ze-photovoltaic kunye ne-brand D inverters: Iimodyuli ze-Brand C ze-photovoltaic zithandwa ngabasebenzisi base-China ngenxa yokusebenza kweendleko eziphezulu kunye nenkonzo enhle emva kokuthengisa. Abaguquli be-Brand D bagxininise kubuchule obutsha kunye nolawulo olukrelekrele. Kuvavanyo, udibaniso lube neengxaki ezithile ekufaniseni i-voltage, kwaye ukuphambuka kombane kwafikelela kwi-3%. Nangona ingaphakathi kuluhlu olusemgangathweni, inefuthe elithile ekusebenzeni kokuveliswa kwamandla. Kuvavanyo oluhambelanayo lwangoku, igalelo elilinganisiweyo langoku le-inverter lingaphantsi kancinci kuneyona ndawo iphezulu yamandla yangoku yemodyuli ye-photovoltaic, okubangela ukuba i-inverter ilayishwe phantsi kokukhanya okuphezulu kokukhanya, kunye nokusebenza kokuveliswa kwamandla kuncitshiswa malunga ne-5%. Kuvavanyo lokulinganisa amandla, ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kwamandla okudityaniswa kuguquguquka kakhulu phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya, kunye ne-avareji yokuvelisa amandla e-85%, engaphantsi kokuhlanganiswa kwe-brand A kunye ne-brand B. Kwinqanaba eliphezulu lokuvavanya amandla ovavanyo lokulandela umkhondo we-inverter, isantya sokulandelela i-inverter siyacotha, kunye nokusebenza kombane kwehla malunga ne-10% xa ukukhanya kokukhanya kutshintsha kakhulu. Kuvavanyo lokuguquguquka kokusingqongileyo, indibaniselwano iqala kancinci phantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuphantsi, ukusebenza kobushushu obuphantsi kufuneka kuphuculwe phantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuphezulu, ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kombane kuguquguquka kakhulu, kwaye izinga lokungaphumeleli limalunga ne-3%. Kwimo yesiphoso kunye novavanyo lomsebenzi wokukhusela, ukukhuselwa komthwalo ogqithisiweyo kunye nemisebenzi yokukhusela isiphaluka esifutshane sokudibanisa kunokuqala ngokuqhelekileyo, kodwa umsebenzi wokukhusela ukufudumala unexesha elide lokuphendula phantsi kweemeko eziphezulu zokushisa, ezinokuthi zibe nefuthe elithile kwinkonzo yobomi besixhobo. Oku kubonisa ukuba ukuhlanganiswa kweemodyuli ze-brand C ze-photovoltaic kunye ne-brand D inverters kufuneka ziphuculwe ngakumbi kwezinye iinkalo zokuphucula ukuhambelana kwazo kunye nokuthembeka.
6.2 Ityala lovavanyo lokudibanisa uphawu lwamazwe ngamazwe
Iimpawu zamazwe ngamazwe zinobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kunye namava atyebileyo kwintsimi yeemodyuli ze-photovoltaic kunye ne-inverters, kwaye iimveliso zabo zinodumo oluphezulu kunye nesabelo semarike kwimarike yehlabathi. Uvavanyo oludityanisiweyo lweemveliso zophawu lwamazwe ngamazwe lunokubonelela ngereferensi yesicelo esiphezulu kunye nophuhliso lwamazwe ngamazwe lweenkqubo zasekhaya zokuvelisa amandla elanga.
Iimodyuli ze-Brand E photovoltaic kunye ne-brand F inverter inverter: Iimodyuli ze-Brand E photovoltaic zidume ngokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe. Iimveliso zayo zisebenzisa iinkqubo zokuvelisa eziphambili kunye nezinto eziphathekayo kwaye zinobomi obude benkonzo. I-inverter ye-brand F yamkelwa ngabasebenzisi kwihlabathi liphela ngokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu kunye netekhnoloji yolawulo olukrelekrele. Kuvavanyo, indibaniselwano iqhube kakuhle ekuthelekiseni iparamitha yombane, ngokutenxa kombane we-0.5% kuphela kunye nokuhambelana kwangoku. I-input input yangoku ye-inverter inokuhlangabezana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zangoku zamandla aphezulu kwimodyuli ye-photovoltaic. Kuvavanyo lokulinganisa amandla, amandla okuvelisa amandla okudityaniswa anokufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-92% phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokukhanyisa, ebonisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-synergy. Kwinqanaba eliphezulu lokuvavanya ukulandelelanisa i-synergy, i-inverter inokulandelela ngokuchanekileyo indawo ephezulu yamandla emodyuli ye-photovoltaic ngexesha langempela, kwaye ukuveliswa kwamandla okusebenza kakuhle kunokugcinwa ngaphezu kwe-96% naphantsi kweemeko zokukhanya eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kuvavanyo lokuziqhelanisa nokusingqongileyo, indibaniselwano inokusebenza ngokuzinzileyo kudederhu lobushushu obuphakathi kwe-25℃ ukuya ku-55℃, uluhlu lokufuma olumalunga ne-20% ukuya kwi-95%, kunye noluhlu lobude be-0m ukuya kwi-3500m, kunye nokuguquguquka okungephi ekusebenzeni kombane kunye nesantya sokungaphumeleli kwe-0.5% kuphela. Kwimo yesiphoso kunye novavanyo lomsebenzi wokukhusela, yonke imisebenzi yokukhusela yokudibanisa inokusebenza ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu, ukukhusela ngokufanelekileyo izixhobo emonakalweni. Oku kubonisa ukuba ukuhlanganiswa kweemodyuli ze-photovoltaic ze-brand E kunye ne-brand F inverters zihambelana kakhulu kunye nokuthembeka, zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuvelisa amandla elanga kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo eziyinkimbinkimbi, kwaye lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa amandla elanga aphezulu.
Iimodyuli ze-Brand G photovoltaic kunye ne-brand H inverters: Iimodyuli ze-Brand G photovoltaic ziye zatsala ingqalelo yabasebenzisi kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe kunye nobuchwepheshe obutsha kunye nokusebenza kweendleko eziphezulu. Ii-inverters ze-Brand H zijolise ekuzinzeni kwemveliso kunye nokuqina. Kuvavanyo, udibaniso lwenze kakuhle ekufaniseni i-voltage, kunye nokuphambuka kwe-voltage ye-2%, ephakathi komgangatho oqhelekileyo. Kuvavanyo oluhambelanayo lwangoku, i-inverter elinganisiweyo yangoku ye-inverter ngokusisiseko ihambelana neyona ndawo iphezulu yamandla yangoku yemodyuli ye-photovoltaic, kodwa phantsi kweemeko ezikhanyayo ezikhanyayo, i-inverter inomthwalo omncinci, kwaye ukuveliswa kwamandla kuncitshiswa malunga ne-3%. Kuvavanyo lokulinganisa amandla, ukuveliswa kwamandla okusebenza kokudibanisa yi-88% ngokomndilili phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya, ngaphantsi kancinci kunokudibanisa uphawu lwe-brand E kunye ne-brand F, kodwa izinzile phantsi kokukhanya okuphakathi kokukhanya. Kuvavanyo lwentsebenziswano oluphezulu lwamandla okulandelela umkhondo, ukusebenza komkhondo we-inverter kuzinzile, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kwamandla kuncipha malunga ne-5% xa ukukhanya kokukhanya kutshintsha. Kuvavanyo lokuziqhelanisa nokusingqongileyo, indibaniselwano iqale ngokwesiqhelo phantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuphantsi, kodwa phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye neemeko zokufuma okuphezulu, ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kombane kuye kwaguquguquka kakhulu, kwaye izinga lokungaphumeleli lalimalunga ne-2%. Kwimo yesiphoso kunye novavanyo lomsebenzi wokukhusela, ukukhuselwa komthwalo ogqithisiweyo kunye nemisebenzi yokukhusela i-short-circuit yedibaniso inokuqaliswa ngexesha, kodwa umsebenzi wokukhusela ukufudumala unexesha elide lokuphendula phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye neemeko zokufuma eziphezulu, ezinokuthi zibe nempembelelo ethile ekuzinzeni kwexesha elide lesixhobo. Oku kubonisa ukuba udibaniso lweemodyuli ze-brand G photovoltaic kunye ne-brand H inverters zilinganiswe ngokulinganayo ekusebenzeni ngokubanzi, kodwa ukulungelelaniswa okuqhubekayo kuyadingeka kwiindawo ezigqithiseleyo zokuphucula ukuhambelana kwazo kunye nokuthembeka.

7. Uvavanyo lweziphumo zovavanyo kunye neengcebiso zokuphucula
7.1 Iimpawu zovavanyo lweziphumo zovavanyo
Ukuze uvavanye ngokubanzi iziphumo zokuvavanya ukuhambelana kokudityaniswa kwee-inverters zelanga kunye neemodyuli ze-photovoltaic, iqela lophando liqwalasele ngokubanzi ukusebenza kwabo kwiimpawu ezininzi eziphambili:
Ukufezekiswa kokuveliswa kombane: kulinganiswa ngokuthelekisa umlinganiselo wamandla ombane wokoqobo kumandla okwenziwa kwethiyori aphezulu ezidityanisiweyo ezahlukeneyo phantsi kweemeko zokukhanyisa ezifanayo. Iziphumo zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba indibaniselwano neyona ndlela iphezulu yokuvelisa amandla inokufikelela kuma-96%, ngelixa elona lisezantsi lingama-75% kuphela, kwaye umndilili wokuvelisa amandla ngama-87%. Esi sibonakaliso sibonisa ngokuthe ngqo ukuguqulwa kwamandla okusebenza xa iimodyuli ze-photovoltaic kunye ne-inverters zisebenza kunye, kwaye enye yezibonakaliso eziphambili zokuvavanya ukusebenza kwenkqubo.
Isantya sokungaphumeleli: Umlinganiselo wenani lokungaphumeleli kwindibaniselwano nganye ngexesha lomjikelo wovavanyo ukuya kwixesha elipheleleyo lokusebenza kubalwa. Umjikelo wovavanyo ngunyaka omnye, kwaye iziphumo zibonisa ukuba indibaniselwano nelona zinga liphantsi lokungaphumeleli yi-0.5% kuphela, ngelixa elona liphezulu li-15%. Izinga lokungaphumeleli eliphantsi lithetha ukuba inkqubo izinzile kwaye inokwethenjelwa ekusebenzeni kwexesha elide, ukunciphisa iindleko zokugcina kunye nexesha lokuphumla.
Ukuthelekisa iparamitha yombane: kubandakanywa ukutenxa kombane, uthelekiso lwangoku, kunye nokulinganisa amandla. Idibaniso kunye nokuphambuka kwe-voltage encinci yi-0.5% kuphela, ngelixa inkulu i-18.18%; ngokwemigaqo yongqamaniso lwangoku, ezinye iindibaniselwano zigqithise umlinganiselo olinganisiweyo wangoku we-inverter, okukhokelela kumngcipheko wokugcwala; ilahleko yokwenziwa kombane ngokufanelekileyo kwindibaniselwano kunye nothelekiso olulambathayo lwamandla inokufikelela kwi-16.67%. Ukuhambelana kakuhle kweparameter yombane sisiseko sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokuzinza kwenkqubo.
Ukuziqhelanisa nokusingqongileyo: Vavanya iinguqu zokusebenza kwindibaniselwano nganye phantsi kobushushu obuhlukeneyo, ukufuma kunye neemeko zokuphakama. Ukusebenza kokuvelisa amandla okudityaniswa nokuguquguquka okuhle kobushushu kwehla nge-5% kuphela kuluhlu lwe-20℃ ukuya kwi-50℃, ngelixa ukuguquguquka kwendibaniselwano engalunganga kunokufikelela kwi-20%; izinga lokungaphumeleli kwendibaniselwano kunye nokuziqhelanisa nokufuma okulungileyo yi-2% kuphela kuluhlu lokufuma olunxulumene ne-20% ukuya kwi-90%, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kombane akuchaphazeli; Ukwenziwa kombane ngokufanelekileyo kokudityaniswa nokuguquguquka okuhle kobude buguquguquka kuphela nge-3% kuluhlu lweemitha ezi-0 ukuya kuma-3000 eemitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle, kwaye izinga lokungaphumeleli lingaphantsi kwe-1%. Ukuguquguquka okugqwesileyo kokusingqongileyo kwenza ukuba iinkqubo zokuvelisa amandla elanga zisebenze ngokuzinzileyo phantsi koluhlu olubanzi lweemeko zejografi kunye nemozulu.
Ubuninzi bokulandelela indawo yamandla (MPPT) ukusebenza kwe-synergy: ilinganisa ukukwazi kwe-inverter ukulandelela indawo ephezulu yamandla yeemodyuli ze-photovoltaic. Iziphumo zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba ukusebenza kombane wokuvelisa amandla okudityaniswa neyona ntsebenzo ingcono ye-synergy inokufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-95% phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya, ngelixa ukuveliswa kombane kokusebenza kakuhle kwendibaniselwano engalunganga kuncitshiswa malunga ne-10%. I-MPPT esebenzayo i-synergy inokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okuphuma kweemodyuli ze-photovoltaic kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kwamandla kwenkqubo.
7.2 Iingcebiso zokuphucula
Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zezi zibonakaliso zokuvavanya ngasentla, iqela lophando libeka phambili ezi ngcebiso zilandelayo zokuphucula ukuphucula ukuhambelana kwee-inverters zelanga kunye neemodyuli ze-photovoltaic:
Ukuphucula ukuchaneka kokumataniswa kweparameter yombane: Ukudityaniswa nokutenxa okukhulu kwamandla ombane, abavelisi be-inverter banokuluphucula uyilo lwesekethe kwaye bamkele i-algorithms echanekileyo yolawulo lombane ukwenza uluhlu lwamandla ombane we-inverter lube bhetyebhetye ngakumbi ukuqhelana nowona mandla aphezulu ombane weemodyuli ezahlukeneyo zefotovoltaic. Ngokomzekelo, phuhlisa i-inverter kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwegalelo lombane olunokuthi luchonge ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye lulungelelanise i-voltage yegalelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-voltage ehambelana nokuphambuka kunye nemodyuli ye-photovoltaic ilawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-2%. Kwingxaki yangoku ehambelanayo, abavelisi bemodyuli ye-photovoltaic kufuneka baphucule ngakumbi ukuzinza kwenkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nokunciphisa isiphumo sokuguquguquka kwangoku kwemodyuli kwindawo ephezulu yamandla; kwangaxeshanye, abavelisi be-inverter banokunyusa umda wokhuselo lomthwalo ogqithisileyo ukuze ukwazi ukumelana nenqanaba elithile lomthwalo ogqithisiweyo wangoku ngexesha elifutshane, ukuphepha ukuvala i-inverter ngenxa yombane okhawulezayo ogqithise uluhlu olulinganisiweyo.
Ukuphucula ukulungelelaniswa koyilo lokusingqongileyo: Ukudibanisa kunye nokuguquguquka kweqondo lokushisa elibi, abavelisi be-inverter kufuneka baphucule uyilo lwenkqubo yokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu, bamkele izinto ezifanelekileyo zokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu kunye nezakhiwo zokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu, kwaye baqinisekise ukuba ubushushu be-inverter bunokulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo kwindawo yokushisa ephezulu; kwangaxeshanye, lungiselela ukusebenza kobushushu obuphantsi bamacandelo e-elektroniki ukuze bakwazi ukuqala kwaye basebenze ngokuqhelekileyo phantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuphantsi. Kwimiba yokuguquguquka komswakama, imodyuli ye-PV kunye nabavelisi be-inverter kufuneka bomeleze ukusebenza kokutywinwa kweemveliso, bamkele izinto zokupakisha ezingenamanzi kunye nobungqina bokufuma kunye neenkqubo zokutywinwa, ukuphucula inqanaba lokukhusela lamacandelo angaphakathi, kunye nokuthintela ukuvuza komswakama. Ngokubhekiselele kwi-altitude adaptability, abavelisi be-inverter kufuneka baphinde bahlengahlengise ukukhutshwa kombane kunye namandla okufakelwa ukuze bahlangabezane neemfuno ezikhethekileyo zomoya omncinci kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, kwaye baqinisekise ukuba izixhobo ziyakwazi ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kunye nokuzinza kwiindawo eziphakamileyo.
Ukuphucula intsebenzo elungelelanisiweyo yokulandelela indawo yamandla aphezulu: Abavelisi be-inverter kufuneka bakhulise utyalo-mali kuphando kunye nophuhliso lwe-algorithms ye-MPPT, baphuhlise i-algorithms yokulandelela ngokukhawuleza nangaphezulu, kwaye babe nako ukubeka iliso kwiimpawu zemveliso yeemodyuli ze-PV ngexesha langempela, kwaye ngokukhawuleza ulungise isimo sokusebenza se-inverter ukufezekisa ukulandelwa okuchanekileyo kwendawo ephezulu yamandla. Ngokomzekelo, ukusebenzisa iteknoloji ye-sensor ephezulu ukujonga ukukhanya kokukhanya kunye nokutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa ngexesha langempela, kudibaniswa ne-algorithms ehlakaniphile ukulungelelanisa i-MPPT ngokuguquguqukayo, ukwenzela ukuba ukuveliswa kombane kugcinwe ngaphezu kwe-95% phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokukhanyisa. Ngexesha elifanayo, abavelisi bemodyuli ye-PV kufuneka babonelele ngakumbi iimpawu zemodyuli ezicacileyo.iparameters ukwenzela ukuba abavelisi be-inverter banokwenza ngcono i-algorithm ye-MPPT kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwe-synergistic.
Ukomeleza ulawulo lomgangatho kunye nokuphunyezwa okusemgangathweni: Abavelisi kufuneka balandele ngokungqongqo imigangatho efanelekileyo yamazwe ngamazwe neyasekhaya yemveliso kunye nolawulo lomgangatho ukuqinisekisa ukuba ibhetshi nganye yeemveliso ihlangabezana neemfuno ezisemgangathweni. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa, ukuqinisa ukuhlolwa kwezinto eziluhlaza, ukubeka iliso kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa kunye nokuhlolwa kweemveliso ezigqityiweyo ukunciphisa iingxaki zokuhambelana okubangelwa ukuguquguquka komgangatho kwinkqubo yokuvelisa. Kwangaxeshanye, kucetyiswa ukuba ii-arhente zokumisela umgangatho ezifanelekileyo ziphucule ngakumbi kwaye ziphucule imigangatho kunye neenkcukacha zokuvavanya ukuhambelana kwee-inverters zelanga kunye neemodyuli ze-photovoltaic, kwaye zongeze izinto zovavanyo ngakumbi kwiimeko zesicelo sokwenyani, ezifana novavanyo lokuhambelana phantsi kweendawo ezahlukeneyo (ezifana neentaba, amathafa, iintlango, njl. njl.) ukuvavanya ngokubanzi ukuhambelana kokusebenza kweemveliso kunye nokubonelela abasebenzisi ngesiseko esichanekileyo sokukhetha iimveliso ezifanelekileyo.
Yenza i-R&D edibeneyo kunye novavanyo: Abavelisi bemodyuli ye-PV kunye nabavelisi be-inverter kufuneka bomeleze intsebenziswano kwaye baqhube iiprojekthi ezidibeneyo ze-R&D kunye novavanyo. Ngokwabelana ngezixhobo zobugcisa kunye nedatha yovavanyo, ngokudibeneyo ulungiselele uyilo lwemveliso kunye nokuphucula ukuhambelana. Ngokomzekelo, amaqela amabini anokuseka ngokudibeneyo i-laboratory edibeneyo ukwenza iimvavanyo ezinkulu zokuhambelana kwiimodyuli ze-PV eziqhelekileyo kunye neemodeli ze-inverter kwiimarike, ukuhlalutya iimpawu zokusebenza kunye neengxaki ezikhoyo zokudibanisa ezahlukeneyo, kunye nokwenza uphuculo lobugcisa obujoliswe kuyo.