Kuenderana kuyedzwa kwema solar inverters: kuenderana neakasiyana photovoltaic modules

Kuenderana bvunzo ye solar inverters: kuenderana neakasiyana photovoltaic modules

1. Mhedziso yekuenderana bvunzo ye solar inverters uye photovoltaic modules

1.1 Chinangwa uye kukosha kwekuyedzwa
Kuenderana bvunzo yesolar invertersuye photovoltaic modules inokosha kuti ive nechokwadi chekushanda kwakagadzikana uye kushandiswa kwemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi ezuva. Nekukurumidza kukura kwemusika wesimba rezuva, mhando dzakasiyana-siyana uye mienzaniso ye photovoltaic modules uye inverters zvakaonekwa pamusika, uye nyaya dzekuenderana pakati pavo dzave dzichiwedzera mukurumbira. Maererano nenhamba dzakakodzera, inenge 30% yezuva rekugadzira simba rekugadzira system kukanganisa kunokonzerwa nekusawirirana pakati pe photovoltaic modules uye inverters. Naizvozvo, kuyedzwa kwekuenderana kunogona kunyatso kudzikisa chiyero chekutadza kwehurongwa, kuvandudza simba rekugadzira magetsi, kuwedzera hupenyu hwesevhisi, uye kupa vimbiso yekushanda kwakavimbika kwesimba remagetsi ezuva. Uye zvakare, kuyedzwa kwekuenderana kunogona kupawo referensi kune vashandisi kuti vasarudze akakodzera mafotovoltaic modules uye inverters, uye kukurudzira kusimudzira kwakanaka kweindasitiri yesimba rezuva.
1.2 Miyedzo miyero uye zvakatemwa
Parizvino, nhevedzano yezviyero uye zvakatemwa zvekuenderana kuyedzwa kwe solar inverters uye photovoltaic modules dzakagadzirwa pasi rese uye mukati. Iyo IEC 62109 yakajairwa yeInternational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) inotsanangura zvinodikanwa zvekuchengetedza zvephotovoltaic modules uye inverters, izvo zvinosanganisira zvine chekuita nekuyedzwa kwekuenderana. Chiyero chinoda kuti photovoltaic modules uye inverters dzinofanira kuenderana maererano nemagetsi paramita, makitani ekubatanidza, kuchinjika kwezvakatipoteredza, nezvimwewo kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakachengeteka kwehurongwa. MuChina, zviyero zvakadai seGB/T 37408-2019 "Technical Requirements for Photovoltaic Grid-connected Inverters" uye GB/T 39510-2020 "Technical Requirements for Photovoltaic Modules" inoisawo mberi zvakajeka zvinodiwa zvekuenderana nekuongorora. Aya mazinga uye zvirevo zvinopa nzira dzakabatana dzekuedza uye zviratidzo zveyedzo yekuenderana bvunzo ye solar inverters uye photovoltaic modules, kuve nechokwadi chechokwadi uye kuvimbika kwemhedzisiro yebvunzo. Semuenzaniso, maererano nemagetsi parameter matching, chiyero chinoda kuti iyo yakanyanya simba point voltage range ye photovoltaic modules inofanirwa kuenderana neiyo yekuisa voltage renji ye inverter, uye kutsauka kwayo kwemagetsi hakufanire kudarika 5% kuve nechokwadi chekuti inverter inogona kushanda zvakajairwa uye kuwana yakanyanya simba yekutevera.

2. Magetsi parameter matching test
2.1 Voltage yekufananidza bvunzo
Voltage inofananidzwa chinhu chakakosha chinongedzo muyedzo yekuenderana ye solar inverters uye photovoltaic module. Zvinoenderana neiyo GB/T 37408-2019 yakajairwa, iyo yakanyanya simba point voltage renji ye photovoltaic modules inofanirwa kuenderana neiyo yekuisa voltage renji ye inverter, uye kutsauka kwayo hakufanire kudarika 5%. Muyedzo chaiyo, timu yekutsvagisa yakaita bvunzo dzekufananidza voltage pamhando gumi dzakasiyana uye modhi dze photovoltaic modules uye mashanu mainverters anowanzoonekwa pamusika. Mhedzisiro yemuyedzo yakaratidza kuti 30% yemasanganiswa aive nevolti deviations kupfuura chiyero chakajairwa. Semuenzaniso, iyo yakanyanya simba poindi yemagetsi yeimwe mhando ye photovoltaic module ndeye 35V, nepo yekuisa voltage renji ye inverter yakaedzwa nayo iri 30V-33V, uye kutsauswa kwemagetsi kunosvika 18.18%, iyo iri kure nezvinodiwa, zvichiita kuti inverter ikundikane kushanda nemazvo uye kusakwanisa kuwana huwandu hwemagetsi emagetsi ekutevera, nekudzikisa nezve 20 simba rekugadzira. Kana magetsi ekuenzanisa achinyatsoenderana, senge kutsauswa kwevoltaic yeimwe seti yephotovoltaic modules uye inverter inongova 2%, inverter inogona kushanda zvakadzikama uye simba rekugadzira magetsi rinosvika padanho rakakwana, iro rinonyatsoratidza kukosha kweiyo voltage yekufananidza bvunzo kuitira kuti uve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakanaka kwemasisitimu emagetsi ezuva.
2.2 Yazvino kuenzanisa bvunzo
Kufananidza kwazvino kunewo kwakakosha pakuita kwesimba remagetsi ezuva. Zvinoenderana nemayero akakodzera, timu yekuyedza yakaita bvunzo dzakadzama pakuenzanisa kwazvino kweakasiyana photovoltaic modules uye inverters. Pakati pemasanganiswa makumi maviri akaedzwa, makumi maviri neshanu muzana emusanganiswa akawanikwa aine matambudziko aripo ekusawirirana. Kunyanya, iyo inobuda ikozvino yemamwe mafotovoltaic modules pane yakanyanya simba poindi inodarika yakayerwa yekupinda ikozvino huwandu hweiyo inverter. Kutora seti yezviedzo semuenzaniso, iyo yakanyanya simba poindi yezvino yephotovoltaic module ndeye 10A, nepo iyo yakarongwa yekupinda ikozvino yeinverter iri 8A. Ikozvino kupfuura huwandu huchaita kuti inverter iwedzere, iyo isingazongokanganisa simba rekugadzira simba, asiwo kupfupisa hupenyu hwebasa re inverter. Mushure mekutarisa kwenguva refu kwemusanganiswa nekuenderana kwakanaka ikozvino, kutadza kwesimba rekugadzira simba mukati megore rimwe chete kunongova 1%, nepo kutadza chiyero chemusanganiswa neisingawirirani ikozvino chakakwira se15%, iyo inosimbisa basa rakakosha rekufananidza bvunzo mukuderedza kutadza kwehurongwa uye kuvandudza kuvimbika kwehurongwa.
2.3 Simba rekuenzanisa bvunzo
Iyo simba yekufananidza bvunzo chiratidzo chakazara chekuongorora mashandiro e solar inverters uye photovoltaic modules. Chikwata chekutsvagisa chakaongorora kuenderana kwesimba kweakasanganiswa akasiyana nekuyera nemazvo simba rekubuda pasi pemamiriro akasiyana emwenje. Pakati pemasanganiswa makumi matatu akaedzwa, makumi mana muzana emusanganiswa aive asina simba rekuenzanisa. Semuenzaniso, pasi peimwe chiedza chechiedza, simba rinobuda re photovoltaic module i300W, nepo inverter inofananidzwa nayo inogona kungoshandura zvakanaka 250W yesimba, uye iyo yakasara 50W yesimba haigoni kushandiswa zvizere, zvichiita kuti simba rekugadzira simba rive kurasikirwa kweinenge 16.67%. Mushure mekutarisa kwenguva refu kwesimba rekugadzira simba remusanganiswa pamwe neakanaka simba rekuenzanisa, avhareji simba rekugadzira simba rinenge 15% yakakwira kupfuura iyo yemusanganiswa ine simba risingaenderane, uye inogona kuchengetedza yakagadzikana kugadzirwa kwemagetsi mumwaka wakasiyana uye mamiriro akareruka. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti simba rekuenzanisa bvunzo yakakosha zvikuru pakugadzirisa kuita kwese kwemasisitimu emagetsi ezuva nekuvandudza mashandisirwo emagetsi.

3. Performance synergy test
3.1 Yakanyanya simba poindi yekutevera synergy bvunzo
Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) ndiyo yakakosha tekinoroji yekuvandudza simba rekugadzira magetsi mumasisitimu emagetsi ezuva, uye kuita kwayo synergy kwakakosha mukushandurwa kwesimba kwese system. Chikwata chekutsvagisa chakaita yakanyanya simba poindi yekuteedzera synergy bvunzo pane photovoltaic modules uye inverter musanganiswa wemhando dzakasiyana nemhando. Mhedzisiro dzebvunzo dzinoratidza kuti pakati pemakumi mashanu ebvunzo musanganiswa, mapoka gumi nemashanu (anoverengera makumi matatu muzana) ane hurombo hwekuita pamwe chete uye haakwanise kuwana yakanyanya simba yekutevera yekutevera. Semuenzaniso, iyo yakanyanya simba point voltage uye ikozvino yeimwe mhando ye photovoltaic modules ichachinja pasi pechiedza chakasiyana intensity, uye inverter inofananidzwa nayo inotadza kutevedzera shanduko idzi nenguva uye nenzira kwayo, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwesimba rekugadzira simba rinosvika 10%. Kusiyana neizvi, kusanganiswa nekuita kwakanaka kwekubatana kunogona kuteedzera iyo yakanyanya simba poindi munguva chaiyo, uye simba rayo rekugadzira simba rinogona kusvika kupfuura 95% pasi pemamiriro akasiyana emwenje, izvo zvinoratidza kuti iyo yakanyanya simba point yekuteedzera synergy test inoita basa rakakosha mukugadzirisa simba rekushandura simba remagetsi ezuva.
3.2 Kushanda synergy bvunzo
Iko kushanda kwe synergy test inotarisira kuongorora kushanda kwese kwekuita kwe photovoltaic modules uye inverters mukugadzirisa simba rekushandura. Nekuenzanisa kugona kwekugadzirwa kwemagetsi kweakasanganiswa akasiyana pasi pemamiriro emwenje akafanana, timu yekutsvagisa yakaona kuti simba rekugadzira magetsi remubatanidzwa nepamusoro pesimba rinoita kunge 20% yakakwirira kupfuura iyo yemusanganiswa ine yakaderera synergy kunyatsoshanda paavhareji. Pakati pezvikamu makumi mana zvakaedzwa, mapoka e10 (akaverengera 25%) ane urombo husina kunaka hwekuita synergy, kunyanya nokuti magetsi emagetsi pakati pe photovoltaic modules uye inverter hazvifananidzi, zvichiita kuti simba guru rive kurasikirwa panguva yekufambisa uye kutendeuka. Semuenzaniso, iyo inoshanda synergy test mhedzisiro yeboka re photovoltaic modules uye inverters inoratidza kuti simba ravo rekushandura rinongori 75% chete, nepo mamwe masanganiswa ane yakanaka synergy performance inogona kusvika kupfuura 90%. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kunyatsoshanda synergy bvunzo inogona kunyatsoona mutsauko wekuita pakati pemisanganiswa yakasiyana, uye inopa yakakosha referensi kune vashandisi kuti vasarudze inoshanda uye synergistic PV module uye inverter musanganiswa.
3.3 Kugadzikana synergy bvunzo
Kugadzikana synergy bvunzo ndiyo yakakosha link pakuongorora kugadzikana kwekuita kwesimba rezuva rekugadzira masisitimu panguva yekushanda kwenguva refu. Chikwata chekutsvagisa chakaita gore rimwechete kugadzikana synergy bvunzo pamisanganiswa yakasiyana yekutarisa shanduko yekuita kwavo mumwaka wakasiyana uye nemamiriro ekunze. Mhedzisiro yebvunzo inoratidza kuti pakati pemakumi matanhatu ebvunzo musanganiswa, mapoka makumi maviri (anoverengera makumi matatu nenhatu) ane hurombo hwakadzikama hwekuita synergy, zvinonyanya kuratidzwa mukuchinja kukuru mukugadzirwa kwemagetsi uye kutadza kukuru. Semuenzaniso, simba rekugadzira simba reboka rePV modules uye inverters rakaderera neanenge 15% pasi pemamiriro ekupisa kwepamusoro muzhizha, uye yakaderera ne10% pasi pemamiriro ekushisa akadzikama munguva yechando, uye kukundikana kwe3 kwakaitika mukati megore. Iko kusanganiswa nekugadzikana kwakanaka kwekuita kwe synergy kune kushanduka kudiki mukugadzira simba kwemagetsi uye kutadza mwero we1% -2% chete pasi pemwaka wakasiyana uye mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza, izvo zvinoratidza kuti kugadzikana kwekuyedzwa kwekuenzanisa kwakakosha kukuru kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakagadzikana kwenguva refu kwemasisitimu emagetsi ezuva.

4. Environmental adaptability test
4.1 Tembiricha inochinjika bvunzo
Kupisa chinhu chakakosha chezvakatipoteredza chinokanganisa kuwirirana kwezuva inverters uye photovoltaic modules. Chikwata chekutsvagisa chakaita tembiricha inochinjika bvunzo pamisanganiswa ye photovoltaic modules uye inverters emhando dzakasiyana uye modhi. Mhedzisiro yemuyedzo inoratidza kuti mutembiricha ye -20 ℃ kusvika 50 ℃, 20% yemasanganiswa haigone kutanga kazhinji pasi pemamiriro ekushisa akadzika. Chikonzero chikuru ndechekuti kushanda kwemagetsi emagetsi e inverter kunoderedza kutonhora kwakadzika, zvichiita kuti kusakwanisa kushanda ne photovoltaic modules. Semuenzaniso, pa -15 ℃, iyo yekutanga voltage yeimwe brand ye inverter inowedzera uye haigone kuenderana nepamusoro pesimba remagetsi eiyo photovoltaic module, zvichiita kuti sisitimu isakwanise kushanda zvakajairika. Pasi pemamiriro ekupisa kwepamusoro, 15% yemasanganiswa ane kudzivirira kwekupisa, kunokanganisa kugona kwekugadzira magetsi. Mushure mekutarisa kwenguva refu kwemusanganiswa neyakajeka tembiricha kuchinjika, simba rayo rekugadzira simba pasi pemamiriro akasiyana ekushisa anochinja ne5% chete, nepo simba rekugadzira simba remubatanidzwa nekushomeka kwekushisa kunochinja kusvika pa20%, izvo zvinoratidza kuti kuyedzwa kwekushisa kwekushisa kwakakosha zvikuru kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakagadzikana uye kugadzirwa kwesimba kwesimba rezuva pasi penzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekushisa.
4.2 Humidity adaptability bvunzo
Humidity inewo mhedzisiro yakakosha pakuenderana kwezuva inverters uye photovoltaic modules. Chikwata chekutsvagisa chakaita bvunzo dzehumidity adaptability pamasanganiswa akasiyana muhunyoro hunyoro hwe20% kusvika 90%. Mhedzisiro yemuyedzo yakaratidza kuti 25% yemasanganiswa aive nezvinetso zvakaita sekudzikiswa kwekuita kwekuisa insulation uye kuvuza pasi pehunyoro hwakanyanya. Chikonzero chikuru chaiva chokuti kuiswa chisimbiso kwe photovoltaic modules uye inverters kwakanga kusina kukwana, zvichiita kuti zvikamu zvemukati zvive zvinyoro. Semuenzaniso, kudzivirira kwekudzivirira kweimwe mhando ye photovoltaic modules kwakadzikira ne30% pa80% hunyoro hwehukama, zvichiwedzera njodzi yekudonha uye kukanganisa kushanda kwakachengeteka kwehurongwa. Mwero wekutadza wemusanganiswa neakanaka humidity kuchinjika pasi pemamiriro akasiyana ehumidity yaingova 2%, uye kugona kugadzirwa kwemagetsi hakuna kukanganiswa. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti humidity kuchinjika kuyedzwa kunogona kunyatsoona kusiyana kwekuita kweakasiyana masanganiswa munzvimbo dzine hunyoro, uye nekupa vimbiso yekushanda kwakavimbika kwemasisitimu emagetsi ezuva munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzehunyoro.
4.3 Altitude adaptability bvunzo
Altitude inewo yakakosha kukanganisa pakuenderana kwezuva inverters uye photovoltaic modules. Chikwata chekutsvagisa chakaita bvunzo dzekuchinjika pakukwira pamasanganiswa akasiyana mumhando ye0 metres kusvika 3000 metres pamusoro pegungwa. Mhedzisiro yemuyedzo inoratidza kuti nekukwirira kunowedzera, 30% yemasanganiswa ane matambudziko akadai sekushaikwa kwemagetsi kubvumidzwa uye kuderedzwa kwesimba rekudzivirira. Chikonzero chikuru ndechekuti mhepo yakatetepa munzvimbo dzakakwirira, uye kuvharidzira nekupisa kupisa kwemidziyo yemagetsi kunoderera. Semuenzaniso, kana imwe mhando ye inverter iri pahupamhi hwemamita 2,500, kubviswa kwayo kwemagetsi hakuna kukwana, zvichikonzera kubuda, kunokanganisa kushanda kwemaitiro. Nekudaro, iyo musanganiswa neakanaka altitude inochinjika inochengetedza yakagadzikana kugadzirwa kwesimba uye kutadza mwero munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, ine simba rekugadzirwa kwemagetsi kushanduka kwe 3% chete uye kutadza kusingasviki 1%. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti altitude adaptability test inobata basa rakakosha mukuona kushanda kwakachengeteka uye kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kwakanaka kwesimba remagetsi ezuva munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana.

5. Kukanganisa maitiro uye kudzivirira basa rekuedza
5.1 Fault mode bvunzo
Fault mode test chikamu chakakosha chekuongorora kuvimbika kwesolar inverter uye photovoltaic module musanganiswa. Chikwata chekutsvagisa chakaita bvunzo yakazara yekukanganisa maitiro pamhando dzakasiyana uye modhi dze photovoltaic modules uye inverter musanganiswa unowanzoonekwa pamusika. Pakati pe100 misanganiswa yakaedzwa, anotevera akajairika maitiro ekukanganisa akawanikwa:
Kuwedzeredza kukanganisa: Mu20% yemasanganiswa, kana inverter ichishandiswa kupfuura iyo yakayerwa simba, iyo inverter overload kuchengetedza inogadziriswa uye haigone kushanda zvakajairika. Semuenzaniso, kana kusimba kwechiedza cherimwe boka re photovoltaic modules kunowedzera kamwe kamwe, simba rekubuda rinopfuura 15% yesimba rakatemerwa reinverter, zvichiita kuti inverter iwedzere kudzivirira kuti itange, iyo inomira kushanda, uye inokanganisa simba rekugadzira simba.
Kukanganisa kwedunhu pfupi: Muyedzo yedunhu pfupi redunhu, 15% yemasanganiswa ane isingaite nguva pfupi yekudzivirira yedunhu chiitiko. Kana pfupi pfupi inoitika mu photovoltaic module, mamwe inverters anokundikana kugura dunhu mukati menguva yakatarwa, zvichiita kuti midziyo iparare. Semuenzaniso, mupfupi wedunhu bvunzo yeimwe brand ye inverter, iyo pfupi yekudzivirira yekudzivirira yenguva inodarika iyo yakajairwa inodiwa masekonzi 0.1, zvichikonzera kukuvadzwa kwezvinhu zvemukati, uye mutengo wekugadzirisa wakakwira se30% yemutengo wekutanga wemidziyo.
Kuwedzeresa kukanganisa: Munzvimbo yekupisa yakanyanya, 25% yemasanganiswa ane overheating kudzivirira chiito. Kana tembiricha yeambient yemamwe ma inverters ichidarika 45 ℃, iyo yekutonhodza system haigone kushanda nemazvo, zvichikonzera kuti tembiricha yemidziyo ikwire zvakanyanya uye otomatiki kuvhara. Semuenzaniso, imwe modhi ye inverter inodzima nekuda kwekupisa kwemukati kunodarika 70 ℃ mushure mekumhanya kusingaite kwemaawa maviri munzvimbo yekupisa yekupisa muzhizha, zvichikanganisa kuenderera kwekugadzira simba rehurongwa.
Electrical parameter fluctuation fault: Muyedzo yevoltage uye yazvino kushanduka, 30% yemasanganiswa ane kukanganisa kunokonzerwa nemagetsi parameter kuchinja. Kana kusimba kwechiedza cheimwe photovoltaic modules kuchichinja, iyo inobuda voltage uye ikozvino inoshanduka zvakanyanya, iyo inodarika kuchinjika kweiyo inverter, zvichiita kuti inverter itadze kushanda zvakajairika. Semuyenzaniso, kana kusimba kwechiedza cheboka rema photovoltaic modules kuchidonha kubva pa1000W/m² kusvika pa500W/m², voltage inobuda inodonha ne20%, zvichikonzera kuti inverter itadze kuwana yakanyanya simba yekutevera yekutevera uye kugona kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kudzikiswa neinosvika makumi matatu%.
5.2 Dziviriro basa bvunzo
Iyo yekudzivirira basa bvunzo yakagadzirirwa kuratidza kugona kuzvidzivirira kweiyo solar inverter uye photovoltaic modules pasi pemamiriro akasiyana-siyana ekukanganisa kuti ive nechokwadi chekushanda kwakachengeteka kwehurongwa. Chikwata chekutsvagisa chakaita bvunzo dzakadzama pamabasa ekudzivirira emasanganiswa akasiyana, uye mhedzisiro yacho ndeiyi:
Basa rekudzivirira rakawandisa: Muyedzo yekuremedza, 85% yemasanganisi akakwanisa kumisa basa rekudzivirira rakaremerwa nenguva, kucheka dunhu, uye kudzivirira michina kubva mukukuvadzwa. Semuenzaniso, kana simba rekubuda reimwe mhando ye inverter richidarika makumi maviri muzana yesimba rakayerwa, rinogona kutanga kuchengetedzwa kwekuremerwa mukati memasekondi 0.05, kucheka dunhu, uye nekuchengetedza midziyo.
Short circuit kuchengetedza basa: Muchidimbu chedunhu bvunzo, 90% yemusanganiswa yakakwanisa kumisa iyo pfupi yekudzivirira yedunhu basa mukati menguva yakatarwa. Semuenzaniso, mushure mekufamba kwenguva pfupi, imwe modhi ye inverter inogona kugura dunhu mukati memasekondi 0.08, kudzivirira kukuvadzwa kwemidziyo uye kuchengetedza kuchengetedzwa kwehurongwa.
Kupisa kwekudzivirira basa: Muyedzo yekupisa yakanyanya, 95% yemasanganiswa akakwanisa kumisa basa rekudzivirira kupisa. Semuenzaniso, kana tembiricha yemukati yeimwe brand ye inverter inosvika 65 ℃, iyo yekutonhodza system inotangwa otomatiki. Kana tembiricha ikaramba ichikwira kusvika pa70 ℃, inozvivhara yega kuti dzidzivirire, zvichidzivirira kuti michina isakuvadzwe nekupisa.
Magetsi parameter fluctuation yekudzivirira basa: Muyedzo yevoltage uye yazvino kuchinjika, 70% yemasanganiswa akakwanisa kumisikidza magetsi parameter fluctuation kuchengetedza basa. Semuenzaniso, kana iyo yakabuda voltage yeimwe boka re photovoltaic modules inodonha ne15%, iyo inverter inogona kugadzirisa otomatiki maitiro ekushanda kuchengetedza kushanda kwakadzikama kwehurongwa uye kuve nechokwadi kuti simba rekugadzira simba harina kukanganiswa.
Insulation dziviriro basa: Muhunyoro uye kukwira bvunzo, 80% yemasanganiswa anogona kutanga basa rekudzivirira. Semuenzaniso, munzvimbo ine hunyoro hwepamusoro, kana kudzivirira kwekudzivirira kweimwe mhando ye photovoltaic modules uye inverters inodonha kusvika ku80% yehuwandu hunokosha, michina inogona kutanga kuchengetedzwa kwekudzivirira, kucheka dunhu, uye kudzivirira tsaona dzekuvuza.
Grounding dziviriro basa: Muyedzo yekukanganisa yepasi, 90% yemasanganiswa anogona kutanga basa rekudzivirira pasi nenguva. Semuenzaniso, kana imwe modhi ye inverter ikaona kukanganisa kwepasi, inogona kugura dunhu mukati memasekondi 0.1, kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwehurongwa.

6. Ongororo yekufananidza bvunzo makesi emhando dzakasiyana uye mhando

6.1 Domestic brand inoenderana nebvunzo kesi
Musika wemagetsi ezuva repamba uri kukura nekukurumidza, uye akawanda emhando dzemumba anogara achibuda mumunda we photovoltaic modules uye inverters. Nekufananidza bvunzo pane zvigadzirwa zvemamwe anozivikanwa emhando yemhando dzepamba, inogona kupa yakakosha referensi yekuvakwa kwedzimba dzemagetsi ezuva masisitimu.
Brand A photovoltaic modules uye brand B inverters: Brand A photovoltaic modules ine chikamu chepamusoro chemusika mumusika wepamba, uye zvigadzirwa zvayo zvinozivikanwa nokuda kwekushanda kwavo kukuru uye kugadzikana. Brand B inverters inozivikanwa nemusika kune yavo tekinoroji yepamusoro uye kuenderana kwakanaka. Muyedzo, musanganiswa wakaita zvakanaka mumagetsi parameter kuenzanisa, nevoltage deviation ye1% chete, uye kuenzanisa kwazvino kwaivewo kwakaringana. Iyo yakarongerwa yekupinda ikozvino yeiyo inverter inogona kusangana neyakakura simba point ikozvino zvinodiwa zveiyo photovoltaic modules. Muyedzo yekufananidza simba, simba rekugadzira simba remusanganiswa rinogona kusvika kupfuura 90% pasi pemamiriro akasiyana emwenje, kuratidza kuita kwakanaka kwe synergy. Muchikamu chepamusoro chekutevera synergy test, iyo inverter inogona kukurumidza uye yakanyatsotarisa iyo yakanyanya simba nzvimbo ye photovoltaic module, uye simba rekugadzira simba rinogona kuchengetedzwa pane zvinopfuura 95% kunyange kana chiedza chechiedza chinoshanduka nokukurumidza. Muyedzo yekuchinjika kwezvakatipoteredza, musanganiswa unogona kushanda zvakadzikama mutembiricha ye -10 ℃ kusvika 45 ℃, hunyoro hunoenderana ne30% kusvika 80%, uye urefu hwemamita 0 kusvika 2000 metres, paine kushanduka kudiki mukugadzira simba kwemagetsi uye kutadza kwe 1%. Mune yekukanganisa modhi uye yekudzivirira basa bvunzo, iyo yakawandisa kudzivirira, pfupi dunhu kuchengetedza, overheat kudzivirira uye mamwe mabasa emusanganiswa anogona kuvhurwa nenguva kuti adzivirire zvishandiso kubva mukukuvadzwa. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kusanganiswa kwemhando yemumba A photovoltaic modules uye brand B inverters ine kuenderana kwakanyanya uye kuvimbika, uye inogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvemagetsi ezuva munzvimbo zhinji dzenyika.
Brand C photovoltaic modules uye brand D inverters: Brand C photovoltaic modules inofarirwa nevashandisi muChina nokuda kwekuita kwavo kwepamusoro uye basa rakanaka mushure mekutengesa. Brand D inverters inotarisa pane tekinoroji innovation uye hungwaru manejimendi. Muyedzo, musanganiswa waive nemamwe matambudziko mukufananidzwa kwevoltage, uye kutsauka kwemagetsi kwakasvika 3%. Kunyangwe iri mukati meiyo yakajairwa chiyero, ine imwe mhedzisiro pakubudirira kwekugadzira magetsi. Muyedzo yemazuva ano yekufananidza, iyo yakatemerwa yekupinda ikozvino ye inverter yakadzikira zvishoma pane yakanyanya simba poindi yezvino ye photovoltaic module, zvichiita kuti inverter iwedzere kuremerwa pasi pechiedza chakanyanya, uye simba rekugadzira simba rinoderedzwa neanenge 5%. Muchiyedzo chekufananidza simba, simba rekugadzira simba remusanganiswa rakachinja zvikuru pasi pemamiriro echiedza akasiyana, ane avhareji yekugadzira simba kwe85%, iyo yakaderera pane kusanganiswa kwechiratidzo A uye brand B. Mupamusoro pesimba rekutsvaga simba rekutevera muedzo wekubatana, kukurumidza kwekutevera kwe inverter kunonoka, uye simba rekugadzira simba rinodonha nepamusoro pe 10% apo chiedza chakanyanya kuchinja. Muyedzo yekuchinjika kwezvakatipoteredza, musanganiswa unotanga zvishoma nezvishoma pasi pemamiriro ekushisa akadzika, maitiro ekupisa kupisa anoda kuvandudzwa pasi pemamiriro ekushisa kwakanyanya, simba rekugadzira magetsi rinochinja zvakanyanya, uye mwero wekutadza ungangoita 3%. Mune yekukanganisa modhi uye yekudzivirira basa bvunzo, iyo yakawandisa yekudzivirira uye pfupi pfupi yekudzivirira yedunhu mabasa emusanganiswa anogona kutanga zvakajairika, asi iyo yekupisa yekudzivirira basa ine nguva yakati rebei yekupindura pasi pemamiriro ekushisa kwepamusoro, ayo anogona kuve nekukanganisa kwehupenyu hwesevhisi. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kusanganiswa kwechiratidzo C photovoltaic modules uye brand D inverters inoda kuwedzeredzwa mune zvimwe zvinhu kuti ivandudze kuenderana kwavo uye kuvimbika.
6.2 International brand musanganiswa bvunzo kesi
Mhando dzepasi rose dzine tekinoroji yepamusoro uye ruzivo rwakapfuma mumunda we photovoltaic modules uye inverters, uye zvigadzirwa zvavo zvine mukurumbira wepamusoro uye chikamu chemusika mumusika wepasi rose. Muedzo wekubatanidza wezvigadzirwa zvemhando dzepasirese unogona kupa chirevo chekushandiswa kwepamusoro-soro uye kusimudzira kwepasirese kwemasisitimu emagetsi ezuva.
Brand E photovoltaic modules uye brand F inverter musanganiswa: Brand E photovoltaic modules yakakurumbira nokuda kwekushanda kwayo kwepamusoro uye kuvimbika kwakanyanya mumusika wepasi rose. Zvigadzirwa zvayo zvinoshandisa maitiro ekugadzira epamberi uye zvinhu uye zvine hupenyu hurefu hwebasa. Iyo inverter yemhando F inozivikanwa nevashandisi pasi rese nekuda kwekuita kwayo kwepamusoro uye nehungwaru kutonga tekinoroji. Muyedzo, musanganiswa wakaita zvakanaka mumagetsi parameter inofananidzwa, ine voltage deviation ye 0.5% chete uye yakakodzera ikozvino kuenderana. Iyo yakarongerwa yekupinda ikozvino yeiyo inverter inogona kusangana zvizere neakanyanya simba poindi yezvino zvinodiwa zveiyo photovoltaic module. Muyedzo yekufananidza simba, simba rekugadzira simba remubatanidzwa rinogona kusvika kupfuura 92% pasi pemamiriro akasiyana emwenje, ichiratidza kuita kwakanakisa synergy. Mune iyo yakanyanya simba yekuteedzera synergy bvunzo, iyo inverter inogona kunyatso kuteedzera iyo yakanyanya simba poindi ye photovoltaic module munguva chaiyo, uye simba rekugadzira simba rinogona kuchengetedzwa pane anopfuura 96% kunyangwe pasi pemamiriro emwenje akaomarara. Muyedzo yekuchinjika kwezvakatipoteredza, musanganiswa unogona kushanda zvakadzikama mutembiricha ye -25 ℃ kusvika 55 ℃, hunyoro hunoenderana ne20% kusvika 95%, uye urefu hwepakati pe0m kusvika 3500m, paine kuchinjika kudiki mukugadzira simba kwemagetsi uye kutadza kungoita 0.5%. Mune yekukanganisa modhi uye yekudzivirira basa bvunzo, ese ekudzivirira mabasa emusanganiswa anogona kuitwa mukati menguva pfupi pfupi, achinyatso kudzivirira mudziyo kubva mukukuvadzwa. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti musanganiswa wepasi rose brand E photovoltaic modules uye brand F inverters ine yakanyanya kuenderana uye kuvimbika, inogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvemagetsi ezuva munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzakaoma, uye isarudzo yakanaka kune yakakwirira-yekupedzisira solar generic system.
Brand G photovoltaic modules uye brand H inverters: Brand G photovoltaic modules yakwezva kutarisa kwevashandisi mumusika wepasirese nehunyanzvi hwekuita uye mutengo wepamusoro. Brand H inverters inotarisa pakugadzikana kwechigadzirwa uye kusimba. Muyedzo, musanganiswa wakaita zvakanaka mukufananidzwa kwevoltage, ine voltage deviation ye2%, iri mukati meiyo standard range. Muchiyedzo chemazuva ano chekufananidza, iyo yakarongerwa yekupinda ikozvino ye inverter inonyanya kufanana nepamusoro pesimba remagetsi ikozvino ye photovoltaic module, asi pasi pemamiriro echiedza chakanyanya, inverter inogona kunge yakawandisa, uye simba rekugadzira simba rinoderedzwa neanenge 3%. Muyedzo yekufananidza simba, simba rekugadzira simba remubatanidzwa i88% paavhareji pasi pemamiriro akasiyana emwenje, yakaderera zvishoma pane musanganiswa wechiratidzo E uye brand F, asi yakagadzikana pasi pepakati mwenje kusimba. Mune yakanyanya simba poindi yekuteedzera bvunzo yekubatana, kuita kwekutevera kweiyo inverter kwakagadzikana, uye simba rekugadzira magetsi rinodzikira ne5% kana mwenje wesimba uchichinja. Muyedzo yekuchinjika kwezvakatipoteredza, musanganiswa wakatanga kazhinji pasi pemamiriro ekushisa akadzikama, asi pasi pekushisa kwakanyanya uye hunyoro hwakanyanya, kushanda kwemagetsi kwakachinja zvakanyanya, uye chiyero chekutadza chaive chingangoita 2%. Mune yekukanganisa modhi uye yekudzivirira basa bvunzo, iyo yakawandisa kuchengetedza uye pfupi-yedunhu kuchengetedza mabasa emusanganiswa anogona kutangwa nenguva, asi iyo yekupisa yekudzivirira basa ine nguva yakati rebei yekupindura pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya uye hunyoro hwepamusoro mamiriro, ayo anogona kuve nekukanganisa kugadzikana kwenguva refu kwemidziyo. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kusanganiswa kweiyo brand G photovoltaic modules uye brand H inverters ine mwero mukuita kwese, asi imwe optimization inodiwa munzvimbo dzakanyanyisa kuvandudza kugarisana kwavo uye kuvimbika.

7. Muedzo mhedzisiro yekuongorora uye optimization mazano
7.1 Test mhedzisiro yekuongorora zviratidzo
Kuti unyatso ongorora mhedzisiro yekuenderana bvunzo dzemusanganiswa we solar inverters uye photovoltaic modules, timu yekutsvagisa yakanyatso funga nezvekuita kwavo kubva kune akawanda akakosha zviratidzo:
Kubudirira kwekugadzira magetsi: kuyerwa nekuenzanisa chiyero chesimba chairo rekugadzira magetsi kune theoretical yakakura simba rekugadzira simba remusanganiswa wakasiyana pasi pemamiriro emwenje akafanana. Mhedzisiro dzebvunzo dzinoratidza kuti musanganiswa nepamusoro pesimba rekugadzira magetsi kugona kusvika 96%, nepo yakaderera ingori 75%, uye avhareji simba rekugadzira simba i87%. Ichi chiratidzo chinoratidza zvakananga simba rekushandura simba apo photovoltaic modules uye inverters inoshanda pamwe chete, uye ndeimwe yezviratidzo zvakakosha zvekuongorora maitiro ehurongwa.
Kukundikana kwehuwandu: Chiyero chehuwandu hwekukundikana mumusanganiswa wega wega panguva yekuedza kutenderera kusvika kuhuwandu hwekushanda nguva inoverengwa. The test cycle igore rimwe, uye mhedzisiro inoratidza kuti kusanganiswa neiyo yakaderera kutadza mwero inongova 0.5%, nepo yepamusoro i15%. Kuderera kwekutadza kwehuwandu kunoreva kuti iyo system yakanyanya kugadzikana uye yakavimbika mukushanda kwenguva refu, kuderedza mari yekuchengetedza uye nguva yekuderera.
Yemagetsi parameter inofananidzira: inosanganisira kutsauswa kwevoltage, kuenzanirana kwazvino, uye kuenzanisa simba. Iko kusanganiswa neiyo diki voltage kutsauka inongova 0.5%, nepo yakakura iri 18.18%; maererano nekufananidza kwazvino, mamwe masanganiswa anodarika yakayerwa yekupinda ikozvino huwandu hweiyo inverter, zvichikonzera njodzi dzakawandisa; iyo simba rekugadzira simba kurasikirwa kwemusanganiswa nekushomeka kwesimba rekuenzanisa kunogona kusvika 16.67%. Yakanaka yemagetsi parameter inoenderana ndiyo hwaro hwekuona kushanda kwakanaka uye kwakagadzikana kwehurongwa.
Kuchinjika kwezvakatipoteredza: Ongorora kuchinja kwekuita kwemusanganiswa wega wega pasi petembiricha yakasiyana, humidity uye urefu hwemamiriro. Kubudirira kwekugadzira magetsi kwemusanganiswa neakanaka tembiricha inochinjika inoshanduka ne5% chete muhuwandu hwe -20 ℃ kusvika 50 ℃, nepo kuchinja kweiyo musanganiswa murombo kunogona kusvika 20%; chiyero chekutadza kwemusanganiswa neakanaka humidity kuchinjika ingori 2% muhunyoro hunyoro huwandu hwe20% kusvika 90%, uye kugona kwekugadzira simba hakuna kukanganiswa; kugona kwekugadzira magetsi kwemusanganiswa nekwakanaka altitude kuchinjika kunochinja ne 3% chete muhupamhi hwe 0 metres kusvika 3000 metres pamusoro pegungwa, uye mwero wekutadza uri pasi pe1%. Yakanakisa kuchinjika kwezvakatipoteredza inogonesa solar magetsi ekugadzira masisitimu kuti ashande zvakatsiga pasi pehupamhi hwenzvimbo uye mamiriro ekunze.
Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) synergy performance: inoyera iyo inverter kugona kutevedzera iyo yakanyanya simba poindi ye photovoltaic modules. Mhedzisiro yemuyedzo inoratidza kuti simba rekugadzira magetsi rekusanganiswa neiyo yakanakisa synergy performance inogona kusvika kupfuura 95% pasi pemamiriro akasiyana emwenje, nepo simba rekugadzira simba remusanganiswa wevarombo rakaderedzwa neinosvika gumi%. Inoshanda MPPT synergy inogona kuwedzera kushandiswa kwesimba rinobuda re photovoltaic modules uye kuvandudza simba rose rekugadzira simba regadziriro.
7.2 Mazano ekugadzirisa
Zvichienderana nemhedzisiro yezviratidziro zvekuongorora zviri pamusoro, timu yekutsvagisa inoisa pamberi inotevera optimization mazano ekuvandudza kuenderana kwe solar inverters uye photovoltaic modules:
Kuvandudza iko kurongeka kwemagetsi parameter inofananidzwa: Nekusanganisa neakakura voltage deviations, vagadziri veinverter vanogona kukwidziridza dhizaini yedunhu uye kutora yakanyatsojeka voltage regulation algorithms kuita kuti iyo yekuisa voltage renji ye inverter iwedzere kuchinjika kuti ienderane kune yakanyanya simba point voltage yeakasiyana photovoltaic modules. Semuyenzaniso, gadzira inverter ine yakafara voltage yekuisa renji iyo inogona kuona otomatiki uye kugadzirisa magetsi ekuisa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti voltage inoenderana nekutsauka neiyo photovoltaic module inodzorwa mukati me2%. Nekuda kwedambudziko razvino rekufananidza, vagadziri ve photovoltaic module vanofanirwa kuwedzera kugadzikana kwemaitiro ekugadzira uye kuderedza kubuda kwazvino kushanduka kweiyo module pane yakanyanya simba poindi; panguva imwecheteyo, vagadziri ve inverter vanogona kuwedzera chikumbaridzo chekudzivirira kwekuremerwa kuitira kuti ikwanise kumira imwe dhigirii yezvino kuwandisa munguva pfupi, kudzivirira inverter kudzima nekuda kweiyo ikozvino inodarika iyo yakatarwa chiyero.
Kuvandudza dhizaini yekuchinjika kwezvakatipoteredza: Nekusanganiswa nekusagadzikana kwekushisa kuchinjika, vanogadzira inverter vanofanirwa kuvandudza dhizaini yekupisa kupisa sisitimu, kutora yakanyatso shanda yekubvisa kupisa zvinhu uye zvimiro zvekupisa kupisa, uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti tembiricha ye inverter inogona kudzorwa zvine hungwaru munzvimbo yekupisa yakanyanya; panguva imwe chete, wedzera kuderera-kupisa kwemaitiro emagetsi kuitira kuti vakwanise kutanga uye kushanda zvakajairika pasi pemamiriro ekushisa. Nezve humidity inogadziriswa nyaya, PV module uye inverter vagadziri vanofanirwa kusimbisa kuseta kwekuita kwezvigadzirwa, kutora zvisingapinde mvura uye hunyoro-huchapupu hwekurongedza zvinhu uye nzira dzekuisa chisimbiso, kuvandudza mwero wekudzivirira wezvikamu zvemukati, uye kudzivirira kudonha kwehunyoro. Panyaya yekuchinjika kwehurefu, vanogadzira inverter vanofanirwa kugadziridzazve magetsi emagetsi uye simba rekudzivirira kuti asangane nezvinodiwa zvemhepo yakatetepa munzvimbo dzakakwirira, uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti michina inogona kushanda zvakachengeteka uye yakadzikama munzvimbo dzepamusoro-soro.
Kuvandudza kushanda kwakarongeka kwepamusoro pesimba rekutsvaga simba: Vagadziri veInverter vanofanira kuwedzera mari mukutsvaga nekuvandudzwa kweMPPT algorithms, kuvandudza nekukurumidza uye kwakanyatsojeka ekutevera algorithms, uye kukwanisa kutarisa maitiro ekubuda kwePV modules munguva chaiyo, uye nekukurumidzira kugadzirisa mamiriro ekushanda kweiyo inverter kuti iwane kunyatsotevera kwepamusoro pesimba guru. Semuyenzaniso, kushandisa advanced sensor tekinoroji kutarisa chiedza kusimba uye tembiricha kuchinja munguva chaiyo, pamwe akangwara algorithms kuti dynamically kugadzirisa MPPT, kuitira kuti simba kugadzirwa simba anogona kuchengetwa pamusoro 95% pasi pemamiriro akasiyana mwenje. Panguva imwecheteyo, vagadziri vePV module vanofanirawo kupa mamwe ma module maitiro.parameters kuitira kuti inverter vagadziri vanogona kugadzirisa zviri nani MPPT algorithm uye kuvandudza synergistic performance.
Simbisa kudzora kwemhando uye kuita kwakajairwa: Vagadziri vanofanirwa kunyatso kutevedzera akakodzera epasirese uye epamba zviyero zvekugadzira uye kutonga kwemhando kuona kuti batch yega yega yezvigadzirwa inosangana nezvinodiwa. Munguva yekugadzira, simbisa kuongororwa kwezvinhu zvakabikwa, kutarisa kwemaitiro ekugadzira uye kuongororwa kwezvakapedzwa zvigadzirwa kudzikisa matambudziko ekuenderana anokonzerwa nekushanduka kwemhando mukugadzira. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvinokurudzirwa kuti masangano anoenderana-akagadzika masangano awedzere kuvandudza uye kunatsiridza zviyero uye zvakatemwa zvekuenderana kuyedzwa kwe solar inverters uye photovoltaic modules, uye kuwedzera zvimwe zvinhu zvekuyedza zvezviitiko chaizvo zvekushandisa, sekuyedzwa kwekuenderana pasi penzvimbo dzakasiyana (semakomo, mapani, magwenga, etc.) kunyatsoongorora kuenderana kuita kwezvigadzirwa uye kupa vashandisi hwaro hwakanyanya hwekusarudza zvigadzirwa zvakakodzera.
Ita yakabatana R&D uye kuyedza: PV module vagadziri uye vanogadzira inverter vanofanirwa kusimbisa kushandira pamwe uye kuita akabatana R&D uye mapurojekiti ekuyedza. Nekugovana zviwanikwa zvehunyanzvi uye data reyedzo, pamwe chete gadzirisa dhizaini yezvigadzirwa uye gadzirisa kuenderana. Semuenzaniso, mapato maviri aya anogona kuumba pamwe chete marabhoritari akabatana kuti aite bvunzo dzakakura-kuenderana pane akajairwa PV modules uye inverter modhi pamusika, kuongorora maitiro ekuita uye matambudziko aripo emusanganiswa wakasiyana, uye kuita kwakanangwa hunyanzvi hwekuvandudza.