Ni ibihe bipimo bigomba kwitabwaho mugihe ucyuye izuba riva?

Ni ibihe bipimo bigomba kwitabwaho mugihe ucyuye izuba riva?

1. Kwinjiza ibipimo

1.1 DC yinjiza voltage
DC yinjiza voltage urwego nimwe mubyingenzi byingenzi mugihe ucyuye izuba. Ibisohoka voltage yumuriro wizuba bizatandukana bitewe nuburemere bwumucyo nubushyuhe. Inverter igomba kuba ishobora kwakira ingufu za DC zinjira mumurongo runaka kugirango harebwe imikorere isanzwe mubihe bitandukanye. Kurugero, DC yinjiza voltage yumurongo muto mutoizubani mubisanzwe hagati ya 100V na 500V, mugihe iyinjizwa rya voltage intera nini nini yubucuruzi ishobora kuba yagutse, nka 150V kugeza 800V. Niba ibyinjira byinjira birenze iyi ntera, inverter irashobora kwinjira murwego rwo kurinda ikananirwa gukora neza, ndetse ishobora no kwangiza ibice byimbere. Kubwibyo, mugihe cyo gukemura, birakenewe kwemeza ko ibisohoka bya voltage biranga imirasire yizuba yakoreshejwe ihuye na DC yinjiza voltage ya inverter.

1.2 Umubare ntarengwa winjiza
Umubare munini winjiza ugena agaciro ntarengwa kigezweho inverter ishobora gukora. Iyi parameter ningirakamaro kugirango tumenye neza umutekano wa inverter ku mbaraga nyinshi zinjiza. Niba ibyinjira byinjira birenze agaciro ntarengwa, birashobora gutera ubushyuhe imbere muri inverter, kwangiza ibikoresho byamashanyarazi, ndetse bigatera impanuka zumutekano nkumuriro. Kurugero, inverteri yizuba ifite ingufu zingana na 5kW mubisanzwe ifite ibyinjira byinjira cyane hagati ya 20A na 30A. Mugihe cyo gutangiza imirimo, ibyinjira byinjira bigomba gukurikiranwa nibikoresho nkibikoresho byifashishwa kugirango tumenye ko bitarenze igipimo ntarengwa cyo kwinjiza inverter. Mubyongeyeho, ibisohoka ntarengwa byumuriro wizuba mubihe bitandukanye byo kumurika kandi birashoboka guhuza bigomba gukenerwa kugirango harebwe niba imiyoboro ya sisitemu yose iri mumutekano muke.

1.3 MPPT yumurongo wa voltage
Umubare ntarengwa w'amashanyarazi ukurikirana (MPPT) voltage urwego ni ikintu kigomba kwibandaho mugihe cyo gutangiza izuba. Imbaraga ziva mumirasire y'izuba ntizifite umurongo kubijyanye na voltage nubu, kandi hariho ingufu ntarengwa. Imikorere ya MPPT ituma inverter ihora ikora kumurongo ntarengwa w'amashanyarazi akomoka ku zuba, bityo bikagabanya imbaraga zo guhindura ingufu. Umuvuduko wa MPPT urwego rwa inverter mubusanzwe uhuye nibisohoka bya voltage yumurongo wizuba. Kurugero, kuri inverter ifite ingufu za MPPT zingana na 150V kugeza 400V, niba ingufu ziva mumirasire y'izuba ziri murirwo rwego, inverter irashobora gukora neza kugenzura MPPT. Mugihe cyo gutangiza, birakenewe ko ingufu ziva mumirasire y'izuba ziri mumashanyarazi ya MPPT ya inverter kandi ko MPPT algorithm ya inverter ishobora gukurikirana neza ingufu ntarengwa. Binyuze mu kugenzura neza MPPT, imikorere rusange y’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba irashobora kunozwa, kandi amashanyarazi ashobora kwiyongera 10% kugeza 30%.

2. Ibisohoka Ibisohoka

2.1 Umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi
Ibisohoka voltage ni ikintu cyingenzi mugihe cyo gutangiza izuba riva, rifitanye isano itaziguye n’uko inverter ishobora gutanga imbaraga zihamye kandi zizewe ku mutwaro. Ibisohoka byumuvuduko wa inverter mubisanzwe bikenera guhuza gride ya voltage cyangwa voltage yagenwe nigikoresho cyumutwaro. Kurugero, mumashanyarazi ahuza imirasire y'izuba, ingufu ziva mubusanzwe zishyirwa kuri 220V cyangwa 380V kugirango bikemure amashanyarazi yo murugo cyangwa mubucuruzi. Kumashanyarazi aturuka kuri grid, amashanyarazi asohoka arashobora gutandukana ukurikije ibisabwa bitandukanye, nka 12V, 24V cyangwa 48V. Mugihe cyo gutangiza imirimo, hakenewe voltmeter cyangwa oscilloscope ihanitse cyane kugirango ipime ingano nubunini bwa voltage isohoka. Ihungabana ry’ibisohoka n’umuvuduko nabyo ni ingenzi cyane, kandi ihindagurika ryacyo rigomba kugenzurwa muri ± 5% bya voltage yagenwe. Niba amashanyarazi asohoka ari menshi cyane cyangwa make, ibikoresho byimizigo birashobora kwangirika cyangwa kunanirwa gukora neza. Mubyongeyeho, ibisohoka voltage ya inverter nayo igomba kugira imiterere myiza yo gusubiza kugirango ihangane nimpinduka zihuse mumitwaro. Kurugero, mugihe umutwaro wiyongereye cyangwa ugabanuka gitunguranye, inverter igomba kuba ishobora guhindura ibisohoka voltage kumiterere ihamye mugihe gito kugirango tumenye imikorere ihamye ya sisitemu.

2.2 Ibisohoka
Ibisohoka inshuro ni ikindi kintu cyingenzi mugihe ucyuye imirasire yizuba, cyane cyane kuri gride ihujwe na inverter, ibisohoka bigomba kuba bihujwe cyane na gride yumurongo. Imirongo ya gride isanzwe ni 50Hz cyangwa 60Hz, kandi inshuro zisohoka za inverter zigomba gufungwa neza kuriyi frequency kugirango habeho ihererekanyabubasha ryumuriro nigikorwa gihamye cya gride. Mugihe cyo gukemura, metero yumurongo cyangwa oscilloscope irasabwa gupima ingano nuburinganire bwibisohoka. Ukuri gusohora inshuro zigomba kugenzurwa muri ± 0.1Hz. Niba ibisohoka inshuro zidahuye numuyoboro wa gride, birashobora gutera ihindagurika ryumurongo wa gride, bigira ingaruka kumikorere isanzwe yibindi bikoresho, ndetse birashobora no gutuma gride inanirwa. Kumashanyarazi aturuka kuri gride, izuba ryayo risohoka naryo rigomba kuguma rihamye kugirango ryuzuze ibisabwa nibikoresho bikenerwa. Kurugero, ibikoresho bimwe bya elegitoronike bifite ibisabwa byinshi kugirango bihamye. Niba ibisohoka inshuro zidahindagurika, birashobora gutera imikorere idasanzwe cyangwa kwangiza ibikoresho. Kubwibyo, mugihe cyo gukemura, birakenewe kwemeza ko imiyoboro yumurongo wa inverter ishobora gukurikirana neza no guhindura ibisohoka kugirango ihore igumye murwego rwagenwe.

2.3 Imbaraga zisohoka
Imbaraga zisohoka ni ikimenyetso cyingenzi cyo gupima imikorere yizuba. Irerekana imbaraga zo guhindura imbaraga za inverter mugihe runaka. Mugihe cyo gukemura ibibazo, imbaraga zisohoka za inverter zigomba gupimwa neza no gusuzumwa kugirango zizere ko zishobora gukemura ibibazo byumutwaro. Imbaraga zisohoka ziterwa nimbaraga zinjiza zuba, izuba rihinduka rya inverter, nubunini bwumutwaro. Kurugero, inverteri yizuba ifite ingufu zingana na 5kW igomba kugira ingufu zisohoka hafi 5kW mubihe byiza. Nyamara, mubikorwa nyabyo, kubera ibintu bitandukanye nkuburemere bwurumuri, ubushyuhe, gutakaza inverter, nibindi, imbaraga zisohoka zishobora kuba munsi yimbaraga zagenwe. Mugihe cyo gukemura, birakenewe gupima ingufu zisohoka hifashishijwe ibikoresho nkabasesengura ingufu hanyuma ukabihindura ukurikije uko ibintu bimeze. Guhindura imikorere ya inverter nayo ni ikintu cyingenzi kigira ingaruka kubisohoka, bigomba kuba hagati ya 80% na 90%. Ihinduka ryinshi risobanura ko ingufu nyinshi zizuba zishobora guhinduka ingufu zamashanyarazi, bityo bikazamura imikorere ya sisitemu yose itanga ingufu zizuba. Mubyongeyeho, birakenewe kandi gutekereza kubisohoka imbaraga ziranga inverter mubihe bitandukanye byumutwaro, nkumutwaro woroheje, umutwaro wuzuye hamwe nuburemere. Kurugero, munsi yumutwaro woroshye, ibisohoka imbaraga za inverter zirashobora kugabanuka, ariko bigomba kuguma bihamye; munsi yumutwaro wuzuye, inverter igomba gushobora gusohora imbaraga zagenwe; munsi yikirenga, inverter igomba kuba ifite ubushobozi burenze urugero, ariko ntishobora kurenga urugero rwemewe, bitabaye ibyo ibikoresho bishobora kwangirika.

3. Gukora neza no gukora ibipimo

3.1 Guhindura neza
Guhindura neza ni kimwe mu bipimo by'ingenzi bipima imikorere y'izuba. Irerekana ubushobozi bwa inverter kugirango ihindure amashanyarazi ataziguye. Muri rusange, imikorere yo guhindura imirasire y'izuba iri hagati ya 80% na 95%. Kurugero, imikorere yo guhindura imikorere-yimikorere ya fonctionnement imwe yicyiciro irashobora kugera hejuru ya 95%, mugihe ihinduka ryimikorere yibice bitatu byimigozi ihinduranya hagati ya 90% na 95%. Ihinduka ryinshi risobanura ko ingufu nyinshi zizuba zishobora guhindurwa neza mumashanyarazi, bityo bikongerera ingufu amashanyarazi yose yizuba. Mugihe cyo gukemura, ibikoresho byukuri byo gupima ingufu birakenewe kugirango hamenyekane imikorere ihindagurika ya inverter kugirango irebe ko yujuje ibisabwa. Mubyongeyeho, imikorere yo guhindura inverter izaterwa nibintu nkubushyuhe nuburemere. Kurugero, mugihe ubushyuhe bwibidukikije buri hejuru cyane, imikorere yo guhindura inverter irashobora kugabanuka. Kubwibyo, mugihe cyo gukemura, birakenewe gusuzuma imiterere yubushyuhe mubikorwa nyabyo bikora kugirango tumenye neza ko inverter ishobora gukomeza guhinduka cyane mubushyuhe butandukanye.

3.2
Imbaraga zingirakamaro nibintu byingenzi byo gupima ubuziranenge bwibisohoka. Irerekana ikigereranyo cyingufu zikora zisohoka za inverter nimbaraga zigaragara. Kuri gride ihuza imirasire y'izuba, ibintu byamashanyarazi mubisanzwe bigomba kuba hafi ya 1 kugirango harebwe uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi no guhagarara kwamashanyarazi. Kurugero, muburayi, ibihugu byinshi bisaba imbaraga zingufu za gride ihujwe na enterineti kuba hejuru ya 0.95. Mugihe cyo gukemura, ibintu byingufu za inverter bigomba gupimwa nibikoresho nkibisesengura amashanyarazi kandi bigahinduka ukurikije ibisabwa na gride. Imbaraga zingirakamaro zo guhindura ubushobozi bwa inverter nayo ni ngombwa cyane. Inverter zimwe zateye imbere zirashobora kugera kubintu bishobora guhinduka hagati ya 0.9 na 1 kugirango uhuze nuburyo butandukanye bwa gride nibisabwa umutwaro. Kurugero, iyo umutwaro woroshye, ibintu byingufu birashobora guhinduka kugirango bigabanye umusaruro wimbaraga zidasanzwe; iyo umutwaro uremereye, ibintu byingufu birashobora guhinduka kugirango bitezimbere amashanyarazi. Binyuze muburyo bwo guhindura ibintu neza, gutakaza ingufu zumuriro wa gride birashobora kugabanuka kandi imikorere rusange yumurongo wamashanyarazi irashobora kunozwa.

3.3 Ibirimo
Ibirimo bihuje ni kimwe mu bipimo byingenzi byo gupima ubuziranenge bwimbaraga ziva muri inverter. Irerekana urwego rwo kugoreka ibisohoka biva mumashanyarazi hamwe nuburyo bugezweho bwa inverter. Ibisohoka n’umuvuduko wizuba hamwe nizuba ryizuba rishobora kuba ririmo umubare munini wibintu bihuza, bizagira ingaruka mbi kumurongo wamashanyarazi nibikoresho byikoreza. Kurugero, guhuza bishobora gutera ibibazo nkimihindagurikire ya gride ya voltage, ubushyuhe bukabije bwibikoresho, hamwe nimikorere mibi yibikoresho birinda. Mugihe cyo gukemura ibibazo, birakenewe gukoresha ibikoresho nkibisesengura bihuza gupima ibipimo bihuza inverter no kwemeza ko byujuje ibisabwa mubipimo bifatika. Muri rusange, ibice bihuza inverter bigomba kugenzurwa murwego runaka. Kurugero, ukurikije amahame ya komisiyo mpuzamahanga ishinzwe amashanyarazi (IEC), kugoreka ibintu byose (THD) bya inverter bigomba kuba munsi ya 5%. Inverteri zimwe zateye imbere zikoresha tekinoroji yo kuyungurura no kugenzura algorithms kugirango igabanye guhuza kurwego rwo hasi. Kurugero, inverters ukoresheje tekinoroji yo kuyungurura irashobora kugabanya THD kugeza munsi ya 2%. Binyuze mu kugenzura neza, ingufu ziva muri inverter zirashobora kunozwa, ingaruka kuri gride yumuriro n ibikoresho byimizigo zirashobora kugabanuka, kandi imikorere yumutekano kandi ihamye ya sisitemu yo gutanga ingufu zizuba.

4. Ibipimo byimikorere yo kurinda

4.1 Kurinda umuvuduko ukabije
Kurinda birenze urugero ni ikintu gikomeye cyo kurinda ibikorwa byo gutangiza izuba. Iyo ibisohoka bya voltage ya inverter irenze igipimo cyumutekano cyashyizweho, uburyo bwo gukingira birenze urugero bizatangira vuba kugirango birinde kwangirika kw ibikoresho. Kurugero, muri gride ihuza imirasire yizuba, niba amashanyarazi ya gride yazamutse gitunguranye kubera ikosa cyangwa izindi mpamvu, imikorere yo gukingira inverter irenze urugero izagabanya umusaruro mugihe voltage irenze 10% kugeza kuri 15% yumubyigano wagenwe kugirango umutekano wibikoresho bitwara ibintu. Muri sisitemu ya gride, niba voltage ari ndende cyane nyuma yuko bateri yuzuye, kurinda inverter birenze urugero nabyo bizakora mugihe kugirango birinde kwangirika kwa bateri no kwikorera. Mugihe cyo gutangiza imirimo, birakenewe gushyiraho neza urwego rwokwirinda hejuru yumuriro ukurikije ibintu bitandukanye bisabwa hamwe nibiranga imizigo, kandi ukagerageza umuvuduko wo gusubiza hamwe nubwizerwe bwibikorwa byo kurinda ukoresheje imiterere yumuriro mwinshi kugirango urebe ko ishobora guhagarika byihuse kandi neza mugihe umuyaga uzamutse bidasanzwe.

4.2 Kurinda birenze urugero
Igikorwa cyo kurinda birenze urugero ni ngombwa mugukora neza kwizuba ryizuba. Mugihe ibyasohotse muri inverter irenze igipimo cyayo cyagenwe cyangwa igipimo cyumutekano cyashyizweho, uburyo bwo kurinda birenze urugero buzahita butangira gukumira ibyangiritse mubice byimbere muri inverter hamwe nuburemere bwibikoresho biremereye. Kurugero, inverteri yizuba ifite ingufu zingana na 3kW ifite umusaruro uva kuri 13.6A (kuri voltage ya 220V isohoka). Niba umutwaro wiyongereye gitunguranye kandi ibyasohotse birenze agaciro, uburinzi burenze urugero buzahagarika umuzenguruko mugihe gito. Mugihe cyo gukemura, birakenewe gushyira mu gaciro urwego rwuburinzi burenze urugero ukurikije imbaraga zapimwe nuburemere nyabwo bwa inverter. Mubisanzwe, igenamigambi ryo kurinda birenze urugero ni 120% kugeza 150% byumuvuduko wagenwe. Binyuze mu bufatanye bwa sanseri zigezweho hamwe n’umuzunguruko urinda, inverter irashobora gutabara vuba mugihe umuyaga uzamutse bidasanzwe kugirango urinde ibikoresho kwangirika. Byongeye kandi, ibikorwa byo kurinda birenze urugero bigomba kugeragezwa inshuro nyinshi kugirango hamenyekane ubwizerwe nigisubizo cyihuse mubihe bitandukanye byumutwaro kugirango habeho umutekano muke wa sisitemu yose itanga amashanyarazi.

4.3 Kurinda ibirwa
Kurinda birwa birirwa nigikorwa cyingenzi imiyoboro ihuza imirasire y'izuba igomba kugira. Iyo gride itakaje ingufu bitunguranye kubera ikosa cyangwa kubungabunga, inverter irashobora gukomeza gutanga amashanyarazi kuri gride, ikora "ikirwa" cyitaruye. Iki kirwa ntigishobora guteza akaga ibikorwa byo kugarura urusobe gusa, ahubwo gishobora no guhungabanya umutekano kubakozi nibikoresho. Kubwibyo, ibikorwa byo kurwanya ibirwa birashobora kumenya vuba leta yizinga nyuma yuko gride ikuweho kandi igahagarika isano iri hagati ya inverter na gride mugihe gito. Ukurikije amahame mpuzamahanga, igihe cyo kurwanya anti-island igihe cyo gusubiza inverter gikwiye kuba munsi yamasegonda 2. Mugihe cyo gukemura ibibazo, birakenewe kugerageza kwiyumvisha no kwihuta byumuvuduko wibikorwa byo kurinda ikirwa cya inverter mukwigana amakosa nkumuriro w'amashanyarazi. Ihinduramiterere ryambere rikoresha uburyo butandukanye bwo gutahura, nka voltage icyiciro cya drift detection no gutahura inshuro nyinshi, kugirango harebwe ko ikirwa gishobora kumenyekana neza kandi vuba kandi hagafatwa ingamba zo gukingira mubihe bitandukanye bigoye. Binyuze mu kurinda neza birwa birwa, umutekano w’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba urashobora kunozwa, imikorere ihamye ya gride n’umutekano bwite w’abakozi bashinzwe kubungabunga umutekano.

5. Itumanaho no gukurikirana ibipimo

5.1 Porotokole y'itumanaho
Porotokole y'itumanaho niyo shingiro ryimikoranire yamakuru hagati yimirasire yizuba nibikoresho byo hanze (nka sisitemu yo gukurikirana, sisitemu yo gucunga imiyoboro, nibindi). Porotokole isanzwe itumanaho irimo Modbus, RS485, CAN bus, protocole ya Ethernet, nibindi bitandukanye. Kurugero, protocole ya Modbus ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byo gutangiza inganda no gukoresha amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba kubera ubworoherane bwayo, koroshya imikoreshereze no guhuza bikomeye. Ifasha ibitangazamakuru bitandukanye bifatika, nka RS232, RS485, nibindi, kandi irashobora kumenya amakuru yo gusoma no kugenzura itegeko ryohereza hagati ya inverter nigikoresho cyo gukurikirana. Mugihe cyo gukemura ibibazo, birakenewe kwemeza ko protocole yitumanaho yemejwe na inverter ihujwe nigikoresho cyo hanze kandi igashyiraho neza ibipimo bya protocole nkigipimo cya baud, data bit, guhagarika biti, nibindi. Dufashe itumanaho rya RS485 nkurugero, igipimo cya baud gisanzwe gishyirwa kuri 9600 bps, biti ya biti ni 8 bit. Niba protocole y'itumanaho idashyizweho neza, irashobora gutera amakosa yo kohereza amakuru, guhagarika itumanaho nibindi bibazo, bigira ingaruka kumikorere isanzwe yo kugenzura no kugenzura sisitemu.

5.2 Igipimo cyo kohereza amakuru
Igipimo cyo kohereza amakuru kigena umuvuduko wimikoranire yamakuru hagati ya inverter nibikoresho byo hanze, bigira ingaruka kumwanya-nyawo wa sisitemu yo gukurikirana. Igipimo cyo hejuru cyohereza amakuru gishobora kubona amakuru yimikorere ya inverter byihuse kandi ikamenya kandi igakemura ibibazo mugihe gikwiye. Kurugero, mugihe ukoresheje protocole ya Ethernet mugutumanaho, igipimo cyo kohereza amakuru gishobora kugera kuri 100 Mbps cyangwa kirenga, gishobora kohereza vuba umubare munini wamakuru, nkimbaraga-nyayo-nyayo, voltage, ikigezweho, ubushyuhe nibindi bipimo bya inverter, kimwe namateka yamakuru. Kuri sisitemu ikoresha itumanaho rya RS485, igipimo cyo kohereza amakuru kiri hagati ya 9600 bps na 115200 bps. Mugihe cyo gukemura, birakenewe guhitamo neza no gushyiraho igipimo cyo kohereza amakuru ukurikije protocole nyirizina y'itumanaho n'ibisabwa muri sisitemu. Niba igipimo cyo kohereza amakuru ari gito cyane, birashobora gutera gutinda kwerekanwa na sisitemu yo kugenzura no kunanirwa kwerekana imiterere nyayo yimikorere ya inverter mugihe; mugihe kinini cyane igipimo cyo kohereza amakuru gishobora gushyira ibisabwa hejuru kumikorere y'itumanaho n'ibikoresho, kongera ibiciro bya sisitemu kandi bigoye. Niyo mpamvu, birakenewe guhitamo igipimo gikwiye cyo kohereza hashingiwe ku kuzuza ibisabwa byo kugenzura, no kugenzura niba ihererekanyamakuru rihamye kandi rihamye binyuze mu bizamini bifatika.

5.3 Igikorwa cyo gukurikirana
Igikorwa cyo kugenzura nigice cyingenzi mugukemura no gukora izuba riva. Irashobora gukurikirana ibipimo bitandukanye byimikorere ya inverter mugihe nyacyo, ikamenya ibihe bidasanzwe mugihe, hamwe no gutabaza no kubikemura. Igikorwa cyo kugenzura inverter mubisanzwe gikubiyemo igihe nyacyo cyo kugenzura ibipimo byingenzi nka voltage yinjira, ibyinjira byinjira, ibisohoka voltage, ibisohoka inshuro nyinshi, imbaraga zisohoka, imikorere ihindagurika, imbaraga zingirakamaro, ibintu bihuza, nibindi. gukurikirana impinduka zinjiza voltage nubu kugirango umenye niba imikorere yizuba ryizuba risanzwe. Byongeye kandi, sisitemu yo gukurikirana igomba kandi kugira imikorere yo gufata amakuru, ishobora kubika amakuru yimikorere yamateka ya inverter kugirango byoroherezwe gusesengura no gusuzuma amakosa. Kurugero, andika ingufu zitanga ingufu za inverter mubihe bitandukanye nibihe bitandukanye, hanyuma usesengure imikorere yigihe kirekire yo gukora no guhindura imikorere ya sisitemu. Igihe kimwe, sisitemu yo kugenzura igomba kugira imikorere yo gutabaza. Iyo ibipimo byakurikiranwe birenze igipimo cyagenwe gisanzwe, birashobora guhita bitanga impuruza yumvikana kandi igaragara cyangwa ikamenyesha abakozi babishinzwe binyuze kuri SMS, imeri, nibindi. Mugihe cyo gukemura ibibazo, birakenewe gukora ikizamini cyuzuye kumikorere yose ya sisitemu yo kugenzura kugirango harebwe niba gishobora kugenzura neza kandi neza imikorere yimikorere ya inverter kandi igasubiza ibibazo bitandukanye bidasanzwe mugihe gikwiye, kugirango hatangwe ingwate zikomeye kumikorere yumutekano wizuba kandi utekanye.

6. Ibipimo byo kurwanya ibidukikije

6.1 Ikigereranyo cy'ubushyuhe
Ubushyuhe bwo gukora buringaniye bwaizuba rivani ikintu cyingenzi kidashobora kwirengagizwa mugihe cyo gukemura. Iyo inverter ikora mubushyuhe butandukanye, imikorere yayo no kwizerwa bizagira ingaruka cyane. Muri rusange, ubushyuhe bwimikorere yizuba riva mubisanzwe ni hagati ya - 25 ℃ na + 60 ℃. Kurugero, bimwe-by-inverteri zirashobora gukomeza gukora neza kandi bigahinduka neza mubushyuhe bwa - 20 ℃ kugeza + 50 ℃. Mugihe cyo gukemura, birakenewe kwemeza ko inverter ishobora gukora mubisanzwe mubipimo byubushyuhe buteganijwe ukurikije ibihe byubushyuhe bwibidukikije. Niba ubushyuhe bwibidukikije burenze ubushyuhe bwimikorere ya inverter, imikorere yibigize imbere muri inverter irashobora kwangirika cyangwa kwangirika. Kurugero, mubihe byubushyuhe bwo hejuru, imikorere yo guhindura inverter irashobora kugabanuka, kandi ubuzima bwibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byimbere nabyo bizagabanuka; ahantu hafite ubushyuhe buke, ibice nka capacitori ya electrolytike birashobora guhagarara, bikagira ingaruka kumitangire n'imikorere ya inverter. Niyo mpamvu, birakenewe ko hakorwa ikizamini cyo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ubushyuhe kuri inverter kugira ngo hamenyekane ko gishobora gukora neza mu bihe bitandukanye by’ubushyuhe, kandi kigafata ingamba zikwiye zo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe cyangwa ingamba zo gukumira.

6.2 Urwego rwo kurwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere
Ikirere cyo kurwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere nacyo ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bigomba kwitabwaho mu gihe cyo gukuramo imirasire y'izuba. Ubushuhe buhebuje burashobora gutera ubukonje imbere muri inverter, bushobora gutera amashanyarazi magufi, kwangirika kwimikorere nibindi bibazo, bikagira ingaruka kumikorere ya inverter. Ubushyuhe bwo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’izuba ni 10% kugeza 90% RH (ugereranije nubushuhe) butarinze. Kurugero, mubice byinyanja cyangwa ibidukikije bitose, ubuhehere bushobora kugera hejuru ya 80%, bisaba ko inverter igira ubukana bwiza. Mugihe cyo gukemura, birakenewe kugenzura niba imikorere yikidodo hamwe ningamba zidafite ubushyuhe bwa inverter zihari ukurikije imiterere yubushuhe bwibidukikije. Inverter zimwe zikoresha ibishushanyo bidasanzwe hamwe nubushuhe butarinda ubushuhe kugirango birinde neza ko amazi yinjira imbere. Byongeye kandi, inverter igomba gupimwa kugirango ihindagurika ry’ubushyuhe kugira ngo irebe ko ishobora gukora bisanzwe ahantu h’ubushuhe buhanitse nta mashanyarazi. Kurugero, mugereranya ibidukikije biri hejuru, reba niba kurwanya insulteri ya inverter yujuje ibisabwa kandi niba hari inzira ngufi ibaho.

6.3 Urwego rwo kurinda
Urwego rwo kurinda ni ikimenyetso cyingenzi cyo gupima ubushobozi bwo kurinda izuba riva ku bidukikije byo hanze (nk'umukungugu, amazi, ibintu bikomeye byo mu mahanga, n'ibindi). Ukurikije amahame mpuzamahanga, urwego rwo kurinda rusanzwe rugaragazwa na code ya IP, nka IP65, IP67, nibindi. Urugero, IP65 isobanura ko inverter ishobora kubuza umukungugu kwinjira kandi ishobora kwihanganira indege zumuvuduko ukabije uturutse impande zose; IP67 bivuze ko inverter ishobora kubuza rwose ivumbi kwinjira kandi rishobora kwibizwa mumazi mugihe gito nta byangiritse. Mugihe cyo gukemura ibibazo, birakenewe guhitamo urwego rukwiye rwo kurinda ukurikije aho ushyira hamwe nibisabwa bya inverter. Kuri inverter zashyizwe hanze, urwego rwo hejuru rwo kurinda, nka IP65 cyangwa IP67, rusanzwe rusabwa kugirango umukungugu, imvura, nibindi byangiza ibikoresho. Kuri inverter zashyizwe mu nzu, urwego rwo kurinda rushobora kuba ruto, ariko iracyakeneye kuzuza ivumbi n’amazi asabwa. Byongeye kandi, urwego rwo kurinda inverter rugomba kugenzurwa kugirango rwemeze ko rwujuje ibisabwa. Kurugero, mukwigana ibidukikije byumukungugu hamwe nigeragezwa ryamazi yindege, harasuzumwa niba imikorere yo kurinda inverter yujuje ubuziranenge bwerekanwe kode ya IP.

7. Ibipimo byumutekano no kuburira

7.1 Kurwanya ubwishingizi
Kurwanya insulation nikintu cyingenzi mugupima imikorere yumuriro wamashanyarazi wizuba. Irerekana urugero rwimikorere hagati yumuzingi wimbere wa inverter hamwe nibice bitwara hanze, kandi birashobora gukumira neza impanuka ziva mumashanyarazi. Muri rusange, kurwanya imirasire y'izuba bigomba kugera ku rwego rwo hejuru. Kurugero, ukurikije ibipimo bya komisiyo mpuzamahanga ishinzwe amashanyarazi (IEC), kurwanya insulteri ntigomba kuba munsi ya 1MΩ. Mubikorwa nyabyo byo gutangiza, birakenewe gukoresha ikizamini cyumwuga cyo kurwanya insulation kugirango ugerageze inverter kugirango harebwe niba irwanya insulasiyo ryujuje ibyangombwa byumutekano. Niba kurwanya insulasiyo ari bike cyane, birashobora gutera kumeneka, bitazagabanya gusa imikorere ya inverter, ariko kandi bishobora no guteza umutekano muke kubakoresha nibikoresho. Kurugero, ahantu hafite ubushuhe, imikorere yibikoresho bishobora kwangirika, bigatuma kugabanuka kwikingira. Kubera iyo mpamvu, mugihe cyo gutangiza imirimo, hagomba kwitabwaho cyane cyane impinduka zokwirinda izirinda, kandi hagomba gufatwa ingamba zijyanye no gushimangira uburyo bwo kuvura insulasiyo cyangwa kunoza ibidukikije, kugirango habeho umutekano wa inverter.

7.2
Amashanyarazi yamenetse yerekeza kumyuka ikorwa hagati yumuzenguruko wimbere wa inverter hamwe nibice bitwara ibintu hanze bitewe no kwangirika kwimikorere yimikorere mugihe gisanzwe cyakazi. Kubaho kumashanyarazi bishobora gutera impanuka zikomeye nko kwangiza ibikoresho, umuriro, ndetse no gukubita amashanyarazi. Mugihe ucyuye imirasire yizuba, ingano yumuyaga igomba kugenzurwa cyane. Ukurikije ibipimo bifatika, imiyoboro yamenetse igomba kugenzurwa murwego rwumutekano. Kurugero, kumurongo rusange wizuba ryizuba, imiyoboro yamenetse ntigomba kurenga 3.5mA. Mugihe cyo gukemura, inverter igomba gukurikiranwa mugihe nyacyo ikoresheje igikoresho cyo gutahura kugirango tumenye neza ko imiyoboro yacyo isohoka yujuje ubuziranenge bwumutekano. Niba bigaragaye ko imiyoboro yamenetse irenze agaciro kateganijwe, gukemura bigomba guhita bihagarikwa, sisitemu yo gukumira insimburangingo igomba kugenzurwa, icyateye kumeneka kigomba kuboneka no gusanwa. Byongeye kandi, kugenzura buri gihe imiyoboro yamenetse nabwo ni ingamba zingenzi kugirango harebwe igihe kirekire umutekano w’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba, ushobora gutahura amakosa y’amashanyarazi mu gihe kandi akirinda impanuka.

7.3 Ibimenyetso byo Kuburira Ubunyangamugayo
Ibimenyetso byo kuburira bigira uruhare runini mugukora neza kwizuba ryizuba. Ibyapa byuzuye byo kuburira birashobora kwibutsa abakora n'abakozi bashinzwe kubungabunga kwita kubice byangiza ibikoresho, ingamba zo kwirinda no guhungabanya umutekano, bityo bikarinda impanuka. Mugihe ucyuye izuba riva, birakenewe kugenzura neza niba ibimenyetso byo kuburira kubikoresho byuzuye, bisobanutse kandi byoroshye kumenya. Kurugero, igice kinini cyumubyigano wa inverter kigomba kugira ikimenyetso "kigaragara cyumuvuduko mwinshi" wibutsa abantu kugumana intera itekanye mugihe ikora; hagomba kubaho "kwitondera ubushyuhe bwo hejuru" hafi yicyambu cyo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwibikoresho kugirango abantu batabonana kandi bitwike. Byongeye kandi, kubintu bimwe byihariye bisabwa gukora, nk'amabwiriza agenga ibikorwa byo kurinda ibirwa n'ibisabwa kugira ngo habeho, hagomba no kuba ibimenyetso biburira. Niba ikimenyetso cyo kuburira kigaragaye ko kibuze cyangwa cyangiritse, kigomba kongerwaho cyangwa gusimburwa mugihe kugirango ibimenyetso byose byubahirize amabwiriza yumutekano kandi bitange umuburo nubuyobozi bukenewe kugirango ibikoresho bikore neza.