Compatibility testing of solar inverters: matching with different photovoltaic modules

Compatibility test of solar inverters: matching with different photovoltaic modules

1. Overview of compatibility test of solar inverters and photovoltaic modules

1.1 Purpose and significance of test
Compatibility test of solar inverters and photovoltaic modules is essential to ensure the stable operation and efficient power generation of solar power generation systems. With the rapid development of the solar energy market, various brands and models of photovoltaic modules and inverters have appeared on the market, and the compatibility issues between them have become increasingly prominent. According to relevant statistics, about 30% of solar power generation system failures are caused by incompatibility between photovoltaic modules and inverters. Therefore, compatibility testing can effectively reduce the system failure rate, improve power generation efficiency, extend the service life of the system, and provide guarantee for the reliable operation of solar power generation systems. In addition, compatibility testing can also provide a reference for users to choose suitable photovoltaic modules and inverters, and promote the healthy development of the solar energy industry.
1.2 Test standards and specifications
At present, a series of standards and specifications for compatibility testing of solar inverters and photovoltaic modules have been formulated both internationally and domestically. The IEC 62109 standard of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) specifies the safety requirements for photovoltaic modules and inverters, which includes relevant content of compatibility testing. The standard requires that photovoltaic modules and inverters must match each other in terms of electrical parameters, mechanical connections, environmental adaptability, etc. to ensure the safe operation of the system. In China, standards such as GB/T 37408-2019 "Technical Requirements for Photovoltaic Grid-connected Inverters" and GB/T 39510-2020 "Technical Requirements for Photovoltaic Modules" also put forward clear requirements for compatibility testing. These standards and specifications provide unified test methods and evaluation indicators for the compatibility test of solar inverters and photovoltaic modules, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test results. For example, in terms of electrical parameter matching, the standard requires that the maximum power point voltage range of photovoltaic modules should match the input voltage range of the inverter, and its voltage deviation should not exceed 5% to ensure that the inverter can work normally and achieve maximum power point tracking.

2. Electrical parameter matching test
2.1 Voltage matching test
Voltage matching is a key link in the compatibility test of solar inverters and photovoltaic modules. According to the GB/T 37408-2019 standard, the maximum power point voltage range of photovoltaic modules should match the input voltage range of the inverter, and its voltage deviation should not exceed 5%. In the actual test, the research team conducted voltage matching tests on 10 different brands and models of photovoltaic modules and 5 mainstream inverters commonly seen on the market. The test results showed that 30% of the combinations had voltage deviations beyond the standard range. For example, the maximum power point voltage of a certain brand of photovoltaic module is 35V, while the input voltage range of the inverter tested with it is 30V-33V, and the voltage deviation reaches 18.18%, which is far beyond the standard requirements, causing the inverter to fail to work properly and unable to achieve maximum power point tracking, reducing the power generation efficiency by about 20%. When the voltage matching is well matched, such as the voltage deviation of another set of photovoltaic modules and the inverter is only 2%, the inverter can operate stably and the power generation efficiency reaches the optimal state, which fully illustrates the importance of voltage matching test for ensuring the efficient operation of solar power generation systems.
2.2 Current matching test
Current matching also has an important impact on the performance of solar power generation systems. According to relevant standards, the test team conducted detailed tests on the current matching of different photovoltaic modules and inverters. Among the 20 combinations tested, 25% of the combinations were found to have current mismatch problems. Specifically, the output current of some photovoltaic modules at the maximum power point exceeds the rated input current range of the inverter. Taking a set of tests as an example, the maximum power point current of the photovoltaic module is 10A, while the rated input current of the inverter is 8A. The current beyond the range will cause the inverter to overload, which will not only affect the power generation efficiency, but also shorten the service life of the inverter. After long-term monitoring of the combination with good current matching, the failure rate of its power generation system within one year is only 1%, while the failure rate of the combination with mismatched current is as high as 15%, which highlights the key role of current matching test in reducing system failure rate and improving system reliability.
2.3 Power matching test
The power matching test is a comprehensive indicator for evaluating the performance of solar inverters and photovoltaic modules. The research team analyzed the power matching of different combinations by accurately measuring the output power under various lighting conditions. Among the 30 combinations tested, 40% of the combinations had poor power matching. For example, under a certain light intensity, the output power of a photovoltaic module is 300W, while the inverter matched with it can only effectively convert 250W of power, and the remaining 50W of power cannot be fully utilized, resulting in a power generation efficiency loss of about 16.67%. After long-term monitoring of the power generation efficiency of the combination with good power matching, its average power generation efficiency is about 15% higher than that of the combination with mismatched power, and it can maintain relatively stable power generation performance under different seasons and light conditions. This shows that power matching test is of great significance for optimizing the overall performance of solar power generation systems and improving energy utilization.

3. Performance synergy test
3.1 Maximum power point tracking synergy test
Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is a key technology to improve power generation efficiency in solar power generation systems, and its synergy performance is crucial to the energy conversion efficiency of the entire system. The research team conducted maximum power point tracking synergy tests on photovoltaic modules and inverter combinations of different brands and models. The test results show that among the 50 test combinations, 15 groups (accounting for 30%) have poor synergy performance and cannot effectively achieve maximum power point tracking. For example, the maximum power point voltage and current of a certain brand of photovoltaic modules will change under different light intensities, and the inverter matched with it fails to track these changes in a timely and accurate manner, resulting in a decrease in power generation efficiency of about 10%. On the contrary, the combination with good synergy performance can track the maximum power point in real time, and its power generation efficiency can reach more than 95% under different lighting conditions, which shows that the maximum power point tracking synergy test plays an important role in optimizing the energy conversion efficiency of solar power generation systems.
3.2 Efficiency synergy test
The efficiency synergy test aims to evaluate the overall efficiency performance of photovoltaic modules and inverters in the energy conversion process. By comparing the power generation efficiency of different combinations under the same lighting conditions, the research team found that the power generation efficiency of the combination with high synergy efficiency is about 20% higher than that of the combination with low synergy efficiency on average. Among the 40 combinations tested, 10 groups (accounting for 25%) have poor efficiency synergy performance, mainly because the electrical parameters between the photovoltaic modules and the inverter do not match, resulting in large energy losses during transmission and conversion. For example, the efficiency synergy test results of a group of photovoltaic modules and inverters show that their energy conversion efficiency is only 75%, while other combinations with good synergy performance can reach more than 90%. This shows that the efficiency synergy test can effectively identify the performance differences between different combinations, and provide an important reference for users to choose efficient and synergistic PV modules and inverter combinations.
3.3 Stability synergy test
Stability synergy test is a key link in evaluating the performance stability of solar power generation systems during long-term operation. The research team conducted a one-year stability synergy test on different combinations to monitor their performance changes in different seasons and environmental conditions. The test results show that among the 60 test combinations, 20 groups (accounting for 33.3%) have poor stability synergy performance, mainly manifested in large fluctuations in power generation efficiency and high failure rates. For example, the power generation efficiency of a group of PV modules and inverters decreased by about 15% under high temperature conditions in summer, and decreased by about 10% under low temperature conditions in winter, and 3 failures occurred within a year. The combination with good stability synergy performance has small fluctuations in power generation efficiency and a failure rate of only 1%-2% under different seasons and environmental conditions, which shows that stability synergy testing is of great significance to ensure the long-term stable operation of solar power generation systems.

4. Environmental adaptability test
4.1 Temperature adaptability test
Temperature is an important environmental factor that affects the compatibility of solar inverters and photovoltaic modules. The research team conducted temperature adaptability tests on combinations of photovoltaic modules and inverters of different brands and models. The test results show that in the temperature range of -20℃ to 50℃, 20% of the combinations cannot start normally under low temperature conditions. The main reason is that the performance of the electronic components of the inverter degrades at low temperatures, resulting in the inability to work with the photovoltaic modules. For example, at -15℃, the starting voltage of a certain brand of inverter increases and cannot match the maximum power point voltage of the photovoltaic module, resulting in the system being unable to operate normally. Under high temperature conditions, 15% of the combinations have overheating protection, affecting the power generation efficiency. After long-term monitoring of the combination with good temperature adaptability, its power generation efficiency under different temperature conditions fluctuates by only 5%, while the power generation efficiency of the combination with poor temperature adaptability fluctuates by up to 20%, which shows that temperature adaptability testing is of great significance to ensure the stable operation and efficient power generation of solar power generation systems under different temperature environments.
4.2 Humidity adaptability test
Humidity also has a significant impact on the compatibility of solar inverters and photovoltaic modules. The research team conducted humidity adaptability tests on different combinations in the relative humidity range of 20% to 90%. The test results showed that 25% of the combinations had problems such as reduced insulation performance and leakage under high humidity conditions. The main reason was that the sealing performance of photovoltaic modules and inverters was insufficient, causing internal components to be damp. For example, the insulation resistance of a certain brand of photovoltaic modules decreased by 30% at 80% relative humidity, increasing the risk of leakage and affecting the safe operation of the system. The failure rate of combinations with good humidity adaptability under different humidity conditions was only 2%, and the power generation efficiency was basically unaffected. This shows that humidity adaptability testing can effectively identify the performance differences of different combinations in humid environments, and provide guarantees for the reliable operation of solar power generation systems in different humidity environments.
4.3 Altitude adaptability test
Altitude also has an important impact on the compatibility of solar inverters and photovoltaic modules. The research team conducted altitude adaptability tests on different combinations in the range of 0 meters to 3000 meters above sea level. The test results show that as the altitude increases, 30% of the combinations have problems such as insufficient electrical clearance and reduced insulation strength. The main reason is that the air is thin in high altitude areas, and the insulation and heat dissipation performance of electrical equipment deteriorate. For example, when a certain brand of inverter is at an altitude of 2,500 meters, its electrical clearance is insufficient, resulting in discharge, affecting the normal operation of the system. However, the combination with good altitude adaptability maintains stable power generation efficiency and failure rate at different altitudes, with a power generation efficiency fluctuation of only 3% and a failure rate of less than 1%. This shows that altitude adaptability testing plays a key role in ensuring the safe operation and efficient power generation of solar power generation systems in different altitude environments.

5. Fault mode and protection function test
5.1 Fault mode test
Fault mode test is an important part of evaluating the reliability of solar inverter and photovoltaic module combination. The research team conducted a comprehensive fault mode test on various brands and models of photovoltaic modules and inverter combinations commonly seen on the market. Among the 100 combinations tested, the following common fault modes were found:
Overload fault: In 20% of the combinations, when the inverter is operated beyond the rated power, the inverter overload protection is activated and cannot work normally. For example, when the light intensity of a certain group of photovoltaic modules suddenly increases, the output power exceeds 15% of the rated power of the inverter, causing the inverter overload protection to start, the system to stop running, and affecting the power generation efficiency.
Short circuit fault: In the simulated short circuit test, 15% of the combinations have untimely short circuit protection action. When a short circuit occurs in the photovoltaic module, some inverters fail to cut off the circuit within the specified time, resulting in equipment damage. For example, in the short circuit test of a certain brand of inverter, the short circuit protection response time exceeds the standard requirement of 0.1 seconds, causing damage to internal components, and the repair cost is as high as 30% of the original price of the equipment.
Overheating fault: In high temperature environment, 25% of the combinations have overheating protection action. When the ambient temperature of some inverters exceeds 45℃, the cooling system cannot work effectively, resulting in the equipment temperature being too high and automatic shutdown protection. For example, a certain model of inverter shuts down due to internal temperature exceeding 70℃ after running continuously for 2 hours in high temperature environment in summer, affecting the continuous power generation capacity of the system.
Electrical parameter fluctuation fault: In the voltage and current fluctuation test, 30% of the combinations have faults caused by electrical parameter fluctuations. When the light intensity of some photovoltaic modules changes, the output voltage and current fluctuate greatly, which exceeds the adaptability range of the inverter, causing the inverter to fail to work normally. For example, when the light intensity of a group of photovoltaic modules drops from 1000W/m² to 500W/m², the output voltage drops by 20%, resulting in the inverter being unable to achieve maximum power point tracking and the power generation efficiency being reduced by about 30%.
5.2 Protection function test
The protection function test is designed to verify the self-protection ability of the solar inverter and photovoltaic modules under various fault conditions to ensure the safe operation of the system. The research team conducted detailed tests on the protection functions of different combinations, and the results are as follows:
Overload protection function: In the overload test, 85% of the combinations were able to activate the overload protection function in time, cut off the circuit, and protect the equipment from damage. For example, when the output power of a certain brand of inverter exceeds 20% of the rated power, it can start the overload protection within 0.05 seconds, cut off the circuit, and effectively protect the equipment.
Short circuit protection function: In the short circuit test, 90% of the combinations were able to activate the short circuit protection function within the specified time. For example, after a short circuit occurs, a certain model of inverter can cut off the circuit within 0.08 seconds, avoiding equipment damage and protecting the safety of the system.
Overheat protection function: In the high temperature test, 95% of the combinations were able to activate the overheat protection function. For example, when the internal temperature of a certain brand of inverter reaches 65℃, the cooling system is automatically started. If the temperature continues to rise to 70℃, it will automatically shut down for protection, effectively preventing the equipment from being damaged by overheating.
Electrical parameter fluctuation protection function: In the voltage and current fluctuation test, 70% of the combinations were able to activate the electrical parameter fluctuation protection function. For example, when the output voltage of a certain group of photovoltaic modules drops by 15%, the inverter can automatically adjust the working mode to maintain the stable operation of the system and ensure that the power generation efficiency is not affected.
Insulation protection function: In humidity and altitude tests, 80% of the combinations can start the insulation protection function. For example, in a high humidity environment, when the insulation resistance of a certain brand of photovoltaic modules and inverters drops to 80% of the standard value, the equipment can automatically start the insulation protection, cut off the circuit, and prevent leakage accidents.
Grounding protection function: In the grounding fault test, 90% of the combinations can start the grounding protection function in time. For example, when a certain model of inverter detects a grounding fault, it can cut off the circuit within 0.1 seconds, ensuring the safety of the system.

6. Analysis of matching test cases of different brands and models

6.1 Domestic brand matching test case
The domestic solar energy market is developing rapidly, and many domestic brands are constantly emerging in the field of photovoltaic modules and inverters. By matching tests on products of some well-known domestic brands, it can provide an important reference for the construction of domestic solar power generation systems.
Brand A photovoltaic modules and brand B inverters: Brand A photovoltaic modules have a high market share in the domestic market, and its products are known for their high efficiency and stability. Brand B inverters are recognized by the market for their advanced technology and good compatibility. In the test, the combination performed well in electrical parameter matching, with a voltage deviation of only 1%, and the current matching was also relatively ideal. The rated input current of the inverter can meet the maximum power point current requirements of the photovoltaic modules. In the power matching test, the power generation efficiency of the combination can reach more than 90% under different lighting conditions, showing good synergy performance. In the maximum power point tracking synergy test, the inverter can quickly and accurately track the maximum power point of the photovoltaic module, and the power generation efficiency can be maintained at more than 95% even when the light intensity changes rapidly. In the environmental adaptability test, the combination can operate stably in the temperature range of -10℃ to 45℃, the relative humidity range of 30% to 80%, and the altitude range of 0 meters to 2000 meters, with small fluctuations in power generation efficiency and a failure rate of only 1%. In the fault mode and protection function test, the overload protection, short circuit protection, overheat protection and other functions of the combination can be activated in time to effectively protect the equipment from damage. This shows that the combination of domestic brand A photovoltaic modules and brand B inverters has high compatibility and reliability, and can meet the solar power generation needs in most parts of the country.
Brand C photovoltaic modules and brand D inverters: Brand C photovoltaic modules are favored by users in China for their high cost performance and good after-sales service. Brand D inverters focus on technological innovation and intelligent management. In the test, the combination had certain problems in voltage matching, and the voltage deviation reached 3%. Although it is within the standard range, it has a certain impact on the power generation efficiency. In the current matching test, the rated input current of the inverter is slightly lower than the maximum power point current of the photovoltaic module, resulting in the inverter being overloaded under high light intensity, and the power generation efficiency is reduced by about 5%. In the power matching test, the power generation efficiency of the combination fluctuated greatly under different light conditions, with an average power generation efficiency of 85%, which is lower than the combination of brand A and brand B. In the maximum power point tracking collaborative test, the tracking speed of the inverter is slow, and the power generation efficiency drops by about 10% when the light intensity changes greatly. In the environmental adaptability test, the combination starts slowly under low temperature conditions, the heat dissipation performance needs to be improved under high temperature conditions, the power generation efficiency fluctuates greatly, and the failure rate is about 3%. In the fault mode and protection function test, the overload protection and short circuit protection functions of the combination can start normally, but the overheating protection function has a slightly longer response time under high temperature conditions, which may have a certain impact on the service life of the equipment. This shows that the combination of brand C photovoltaic modules and brand D inverters needs to be further optimized in some aspects to improve their compatibility and reliability.
6.2 International brand combination test case
International brands have advanced technology and rich experience in the field of photovoltaic modules and inverters, and their products have a high reputation and market share in the global market. The combination test of international brand products can provide a reference for the high-end application and international development of domestic solar power generation systems.
Brand E photovoltaic modules and brand F inverter combination: Brand E photovoltaic modules are famous for their high efficiency and high reliability in the international market. Its products use advanced production processes and materials and have a long service life. The inverter of brand F is recognized by users all over the world for its high performance and intelligent control technology. In the test, the combination performed well in electrical parameter matching, with a voltage deviation of only 0.5% and an ideal current matching. The rated input current of the inverter can fully meet the maximum power point current requirements of the photovoltaic module. In the power matching test, the power generation efficiency of the combination can reach more than 92% under different lighting conditions, showing excellent synergy performance. In the maximum power point tracking synergy test, the inverter can accurately track the maximum power point of the photovoltaic module in real time, and the power generation efficiency can be maintained at more than 96% even under complex lighting conditions. In the environmental adaptability test, the combination can operate stably in the temperature range of -25℃ to 55℃, the relative humidity range of 20% to 95%, and the altitude range of 0m to 3500m, with minimal fluctuations in power generation efficiency and a failure rate of only 0.5%. In the fault mode and protection function test, all protection functions of the combination can be activated in a very short time, effectively protecting the equipment from damage. This shows that the combination of international brand E photovoltaic modules and brand F inverters has extremely high compatibility and reliability, can meet the needs of solar power generation in various complex environments, and is an ideal choice for high-end solar power generation systems.
Brand G photovoltaic modules and brand H inverters: Brand G photovoltaic modules have attracted users' attention in the international market with innovative technology and high cost performance. Brand H inverters focus on product stability and durability. In the test, the combination performed well in voltage matching, with a voltage deviation of 2%, which is within the standard range. In the current matching test, the rated input current of the inverter basically matches the maximum power point current of the photovoltaic module, but under extreme light conditions, the inverter may be slightly overloaded, and the power generation efficiency is reduced by about 3%. In the power matching test, the power generation efficiency of the combination is 88% on average under different light conditions, slightly lower than the combination of brand E and brand F, but it is relatively stable under medium light intensity. In the maximum power point tracking collaborative test, the tracking performance of the inverter is relatively stable, and the power generation efficiency decreases by about 5% when the light intensity changes. In the environmental adaptability test, the combination started normally under low temperature conditions, but under high temperature and high humidity conditions, the power generation efficiency fluctuated greatly, and the failure rate was about 2%. In the fault mode and protection function test, the overload protection and short-circuit protection functions of the combination can be started in time, but the overheating protection function has a slightly longer response time under high temperature and high humidity conditions, which may have a certain impact on the long-term stability of the equipment. This shows that the combination of brand G photovoltaic modules and brand H inverters is relatively balanced in overall performance, but further optimization is needed in extreme environments to improve their compatibility and reliability.

7. Test result evaluation and optimization suggestions
7.1 Test result evaluation indicators
In order to comprehensively evaluate the compatibility test results of the combination of solar inverters and photovoltaic modules, the research team comprehensively considered their performance from multiple key indicators:
Power generation efficiency: measured by comparing the ratio of actual power generation power to theoretical maximum power generation power of different combinations under the same lighting conditions. The test results show that the combination with the highest power generation efficiency can reach 96%, while the lowest is only 75%, and the average power generation efficiency is 87%. This indicator directly reflects the energy conversion efficiency when photovoltaic modules and inverters work together, and is one of the core indicators for evaluating system performance.
Failure rate: The ratio of the number of failures in each combination during the test cycle to the total operating time is counted. The test cycle is one year, and the results show that the combination with the lowest failure rate is only 0.5%, while the highest is 15%. Low failure rate means that the system is more stable and reliable in long-term operation, reducing maintenance costs and downtime.
Electrical parameter matching: including voltage deviation, current matching, and power matching. The combination with the smallest voltage deviation is only 0.5%, while the largest is 18.18%; in terms of current matching, some combinations exceed the rated input current range of the inverter, resulting in overload risks; the power generation efficiency loss of combinations with poor power matching can reach 16.67%. Good electrical parameter matching is the basis for ensuring efficient and stable operation of the system.
Environmental adaptability: Evaluate the performance changes of each combination under different temperature, humidity and altitude conditions. The power generation efficiency of the combination with good temperature adaptability fluctuates by only 5% in the range of -20℃ to 50℃, while the fluctuation of the poor combination can reach 20%; the failure rate of the combination with good humidity adaptability is only 2% in the relative humidity range of 20% to 90%, and the power generation efficiency is basically unaffected; the power generation efficiency of the combination with good altitude adaptability fluctuates by only 3% in the range of 0 meters to 3000 meters above sea level, and the failure rate is less than 1%. Excellent environmental adaptability enables solar power generation systems to operate stably under a wider range of geographical and climatic conditions.
Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) synergy performance: measures the inverter's ability to track the maximum power point of photovoltaic modules. Test results show that the power generation efficiency of the combination with the best synergy performance can reach more than 95% under different lighting conditions, while the power generation efficiency of the poor combination is reduced by about 10%. Efficient MPPT synergy can maximize the use of the output power of photovoltaic modules and improve the overall power generation efficiency of the system.
7.2 Optimization suggestions
Based on the results of the above evaluation indicators, the research team puts forward the following optimization suggestions to improve the compatibility of solar inverters and photovoltaic modules:
Improve the accuracy of electrical parameter matching: For combinations with large voltage deviations, inverter manufacturers can optimize circuit design and adopt more accurate voltage regulation algorithms to make the input voltage range of the inverter more flexible to adapt to the maximum power point voltage of different photovoltaic modules. For example, develop an inverter with a wide voltage input range that can automatically identify and adjust the input voltage to ensure that the voltage matching deviation with the photovoltaic module is controlled within 2%. For the current matching problem, photovoltaic module manufacturers should further improve the stability of the production process and reduce the output current fluctuation of the module at the maximum power point; at the same time, inverter manufacturers can increase the threshold range of overload protection so that it can withstand a certain degree of current overload in a short time, avoiding inverter shutdown due to instantaneous current exceeding the rated range.
Enhance environmental adaptability design: For combinations with poor temperature adaptability, inverter manufacturers should improve the design of the heat dissipation system, adopt more efficient heat dissipation materials and heat dissipation structures, and ensure that the temperature of the inverter can be effectively controlled in a high temperature environment; at the same time, optimize the low-temperature performance of electronic components so that they can still start and work normally under low temperature conditions. For humidity adaptability issues, PV module and inverter manufacturers should strengthen the sealing performance of products, adopt waterproof and moisture-proof packaging materials and sealing processes, improve the protection level of internal components, and prevent moisture leakage. In terms of altitude adaptability, inverter manufacturers need to redesign electrical clearances and insulation strength to meet the special requirements of thin air in high-altitude areas, and ensure that the equipment can operate safely and stably in high-altitude environments.
Improve the coordinated performance of maximum power point tracking: Inverter manufacturers should increase investment in the research and development of MPPT algorithms, develop faster and more accurate tracking algorithms, and be able to monitor the output characteristics of PV modules in real time, and quickly adjust the working status of the inverter to achieve accurate tracking of the maximum power point. For example, using advanced sensor technology to monitor light intensity and temperature changes in real time, combined with intelligent algorithms to dynamically adjust MPPT, so that the power generation efficiency can be maintained above 95% under different lighting conditions. At the same time, PV module manufacturers should also provide more detailed module characteristics.parameters so that inverter manufacturers can better optimize the MPPT algorithm and improve the synergistic performance.
Strengthen quality control and standard implementation: Manufacturers should strictly follow the relevant international and domestic standards for production and quality control to ensure that each batch of products meets the standard requirements. During the production process, strengthen the inspection of raw materials, the monitoring of production processes and the inspection of finished products to reduce compatibility problems caused by quality fluctuations in the production process. At the same time, it is recommended that relevant standard-setting agencies further improve and refine the standards and specifications for compatibility testing of solar inverters and photovoltaic modules, and add more test items for actual application scenarios, such as compatibility testing under different terrains (such as mountains, plains, deserts, etc.) and different installation methods (such as roof installation, ground installation, water surface installation, etc.), so as to more comprehensively evaluate the compatibility performance of products and provide users with a more accurate basis for choosing suitable products.
Carry out joint R&D and testing: PV module manufacturers and inverter manufacturers should strengthen cooperation and carry out joint R&D and testing projects. By sharing technical resources and test data, jointly optimize product design and improve compatibility. For example, the two parties can jointly establish a joint laboratory to conduct large-scale compatibility tests on mainstream PV modules and inverter models on the market, analyze the performance characteristics and existing problems of different combinations, and make targeted technical improvements.