The relationship between solar panel power generation efficiency and temperature

There is a close relationship between the power generation efficiency of solar panels and temperature. The following is an analysis of this relationship:

1. Power generation efficiency at ideal temperature

Ideal temperature: When the surface temperature of the solar panel is 25℃, its power generation effect is the best. This is the temperature of the international standard test conditions for solar panels and an important benchmark for evaluating the power generation efficiency of solar panels.
Power generation efficiency: At 25℃, solar panels can give full play to their performance and achieve the highest power generation efficiency. This is because at this temperature, the various parameters of the solar panel (such as peak power, open circuit voltage, etc.) are in the optimal state.
2. The effect of temperature on power generation efficiency

Temperature increase: When the surface temperature of the solar panel exceeds 25℃, its power generation efficiency will gradually decrease with the increase of temperature. Specifically, for every 1℃ increase in temperature, the peak power of the single solar panel will lose about 0.35% to 0.45%, and the voltage will decrease by about 210-212mV. This is because high temperature will increase the resistance inside the solar panel, thereby affecting the transmission of current and the stability of voltage.
Temperature reduction: Although temperature reduction can improve the power generation efficiency of solar panels, in actual applications, too low a temperature may damage the packaging materials and electronic components of solar panels, thereby affecting their service life.
3. Complex effects of high temperature weather

Positive effects: High temperature weather can promote chemical reactions in photovoltaic modules, increase the current and voltage of photovoltaic modules, and thus improve the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic power stations to a certain extent. At the same time, high temperature is also conducive to the heat dissipation of photovoltaic modules, reducing the temperature of modules and slowing down the aging process.
Negative effects: However, high temperature will also increase the heat of electronic components inside photovoltaic modules, leading to an increase in the failure rate of electronic components and shortening the service life of photovoltaic modules. In addition, high temperature may also increase the resistance and voltage of photovoltaic modules, thereby reducing their power generation.
4. Considerations in actual applications

Heat dissipation: When installing solar panels, attention should be paid to heat dissipation. By installing brackets and enhancing air circulation, the temperature of solar panels can be effectively reduced, and their power generation efficiency and service life can be improved.
Regional differences: The temperature in most parts of my country is high in summer, and the surface temperature of solar panels may reach 45~65℃, which will reduce the power generation efficiency by about 7% to 10.5%. However, due to factors such as long sunshine hours and vertical sunlight in summer, the total power generation of solar panels may still be higher than in winter.
In summary, there is a close relationship between solar panel power generation efficiency and temperature. In practical applications, corresponding measures need to be taken according to specific circumstances to optimize the power generation efficiency and service life of solar panels.